Emergent Dark States from Superradiant Dynamics in Multilevel Atoms in a Cavity
Emergent Dark States from Superradiant Dynamics in Multilevel Atoms in a Cavity
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DOI：
10.1103/physrevx.12.011054
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发表时间：
2021-05
影响因子：
12.5
通讯作者：
A. Piñeiro Orioli;J. K. Thompson;A. M. Rey
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Piñeiro Orioli;J. K. Thompson;A. M. Rey
我们研究了具有一般多能级结构(角动量F、↔、F0)的原子在腔内与两个不同偏振光模耦合的集体衰变动力学。与二能级原子相比，我们发现，即使在置换对称态(集体Dicke流形)的子空间内，多能级原子也可以拥有对腔衰变完全黑暗的本征态。暗态由不同内部跃迁之间的相消干涉产生，并被证明是纠缠的。值得注意的是，多能级原子的超辐射衰变最终可能会陷入其中一种暗态，在这种状态下，原子的宏观部分仍然处于激发状态。这为通过集体耗散制备物质的纠缠暗态打开了大门，这对量子传感和量子模拟是有用的。我们的预言在目前的碱土原子或拉曼修饰跃迁的光腔实验中应该很容易观察到。
We investigate the collective decay dynamics of atoms with a generic multilevel structure (angular momenta F ↔ F0) coupled to two light modes of different polarization inside a cavity. In contrast to twolevel atoms, we find that multilevel atoms can harbor eigenstates that are perfectly dark to cavity decay even within the subspace of permutationally symmetric states (collective Dicke manifold). The dark states arise from destructive interference between different internal transitions and are shown to be entangled. Remarkably, the superradiant decay of multilevel atoms can end up stuck in one of these dark states, where a macroscopic fraction of the atoms remains excited. This opens the door to the preparation of entangled dark states of matter through collective dissipation that are useful for quantum sensing and quantum simulation. Our predictions should be readily observable in current optical cavity experiments with alkaline-earth atoms or Raman-dressed transitions.