Dispersal and bycatch mortality in gray, Halichoerus grypus, and harbor, Phoca vitulina, seals tagged at the Norwegian coast
Dispersal and bycatch mortality in gray, Halichoerus grypus, and harbor, Phoca vitulina, seals tagged at the Norwegian coast
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1748-7692.2002.tb01085.x
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发表时间：
2002-10-01
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Bekkby, T
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bjorge, A;Oien, N;Bekkby, T
在1975年至1998年期间，在挪威海岸沿线标记了3，571只灰海豹和630只港海豹幼崽，并返回了259只（7%）灰海豹和80只（13%）港海豹标签。意外死亡，主要是在底置网，占大多数的死亡（79%的灰色和48%的海豹，分别）。海豹出生后的前三个月内最容易受到渔具的意外死亡，但在前8-10个月内，意外死亡率很高。灰海豹比斑海豹（平均距离：69公里）分布得更广（平均距离：120公里）。这两个物种分散最广泛的两个月后标记。灰海豹的最大移动距离为739公里，斑海豹为463公里。在繁殖季节，成年灰海豹对它们的出生地有很强的忠诚度。标记区之间的意外死亡率没有显着差异。然而，在一个724公里（2）的自然保护区标记的37只斑海豹没有返回的报告。
Between 1975 and 1998, 3,571 gray and 630 harbor seal pups were tagged along the Norwegian coast, and 259 (7%) gray and 80 (13%) harbor seal tags were returned. Incidental mortality, mainly in bottom-set nets, accounted for the majority of deaths (79% in gray and 48% in harbor seals, respectively). Seals were most vulnerable to incidental mortality in fishing gear during the first three months after birth, but high incidental mortality prevailed during the first 8-10 mo. Gray seals dispersed more widely (mean distance: 120 km) than harbor seals (mean distance: 69 km). Both species dispersed most widely during the two first months after tagging. The maximum distance moved was 739 km for gray and 463 km for harbor seals. Strong fidelity for their place of birth was observed in adult gray seals during breeding season. No significant difference in incidental mortality was detected between the areas of tagging. However, for 37 harbor seals tagged in a 724 km(2) nature reserve no returns were reported.