Metabolism as master of hematopoietic stem cell fate.

Metabolism as master of hematopoietic stem cell fate.
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DOI:
10.1007/s12185-018-2534-z
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发表时间:
2019-01
影响因子:
2.1
通讯作者:
Ito K
Ito K
中科院分区:
医学4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Ito K;Bonora M;Ito K

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当HSCs分裂时,它们有一个命运选择;它们可以自我更新,产生新的HSCs,或者产生子代细胞,这些细胞将成熟成为定位细胞。然而,技术挑战长期以来一直掩盖着这些选择的机制。流动分选的进展使HSC群体的纯化成为可能,但现有的HSC富集组分仍然具有很大的异质性,单个HSC已被证明极难跟踪和观察。然而,单细胞方法的进展导致了高度纯化的造血干细胞(HSCs)群体的鉴定,这些干细胞通过偏好自我更新分裂而对造血稳态做出关键贡献。代谢信号是这种细胞命运选择的关键调节因素,控制线粒体的数量和质量对于维持HSC种群的平衡的重要性最近得到了强调。白血病细胞也需要严格调控新陈代谢,将白血病细胞的分裂平衡转向承诺被认为是一种有前途的治疗策略。因此,更深入地了解控制HSC命运的具体代谢模式具有重大的生物学意义,更重要的是,对于开发针对HSC分裂平衡的血液病治疗新的治疗策略至关重要。
HSCs have a fate choice when they divide; they can self-renew, producing new HSCs, or produce daughter cells that will mature to become committed cells. Technical challenges, however, have long obscured the mechanics of these choices. Advances in flow-sorting have made possible the purification of HSC populations, but available HSC-enriched fractions still include substantial heterogeneity, and single HSCs have proven extremely difficult to track and observe. Advances in single-cell approaches, however, have led to the identification of a highly purified population of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) that make a critical contribution to hematopoietic homeostasis through a preference for self-renewing division. Metabolic cues are key regulators of this cell fate choice, and the importance of controlling the population and quality of mitochondria has recently been highlighted to maintain the equilibrium of HSC populations. Leukemic cells also demand tightly regulated metabolism, and shifting the division balance of leukemic cells toward commitment has been considered as a promising therapeutic strategy. A deeper understanding of precisely how specific modes of metabolism control HSC fate is, therefore, of great biological interest, and more importantly will be critical to the development of new therapeutic strategies that target HSC division balance for the treatment of hematological disease.
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