The profitability of organic soybean production
The profitability of organic soybean production
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DOI：
10.1017/s1742170509990147
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发表时间：
2009-12-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Greene, Catherine
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McBride, W. D.;Greene, Catherine
长期试验的结果表明，与传统大豆相比，有机大豆可能具有类似的产量和更低的成本，但关于这些系统在商业农场的相对成本和回报的信息很少。本研究通过对2006年全国范围内的大豆生产者的调查，包括有机种植者的目标样本，来检验商业大豆生产的盈利能力。处理效果模型被指定为有机方法的特点，并隔离有机选择对经营，经营和资本，以及大豆生产的总经济成本的影响。有机大豆生产者往往更年轻，种植面积更小，而且与传统生产者相比，他们不太可能在农场外工作。有机大豆的生产成本比传统大豆高出每蒲式耳1至6美元，原因是产量较低，每英亩成本较高，而2006年有机大豆的平均价格溢价超过每蒲式耳9美元。长期种植系统数据表明，有机系统的显著回报来自于与传统系统相似的产量和较低的成本，但本研究中发现的商业有机生产的高回报只能归因于有机大豆的显著价格溢价。自2006年以来，有机大豆的平均溢价一直居高不下，尽管传统大豆的价格高得多，因为有机大豆的用户试图保留和吸引更多的种植面积。然而，传统大豆价格和燃料价格的上涨提高了传统生产的收益，增加了有机生产的相对成本，从而降低了种植有机大豆的积极性。
Results from long-term experimental trials suggest that similar yields and lower costs are possible with organic compared to conventional soybeans, but there is little information about the relative costs and returns of these systems on commercial farms. This study examines the profitability of commercial soybean production using a nationwide survey of soybean producers for 2006 that includes a targeted sample of organic growers. Treatment-effect models are specified to characterize adopters of the organic approach and to isolate the impact of organic choice on operating, operating and capital, and total economic costs of soybean production. Organic soybean producers tend to be younger, have less crop acreage, and are less likely to work off-farm than conventional producers. Organic soybean production costs range from about $1 to $6 per bushel higher than those for conventional soybeans due to both lower yields and higher per-acre costs, while the average organic price premium in 2006 was more than $9 per bushel. Long-term cropping systems data suggest significant returns to organic systems result from similar yields and lower costs than conventional systems, but the high returns to commercial organic production found in this study can only be attributed to the significant price premiums paid for organic soybeans. Average organic soybean price premiums have remained high since 2006 despite much higher conventional soybean prices as users of organic soybeans attempt to retain and attract more acreage. However, increases in conventional soybean prices and fuel prices reduce the incentive for planting organic soybeans by improving returns to conventional production and increasing the relative costs of organic production.