From norms to programs: The United Nations Global Compact and global governance
From norms to programs: The United Nations Global Compact and global governance
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从规范到计划：联合国全球契约和全球治理
DOI：
10.1111/j.1748-5991.2012.01130.x
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
A. Prakash
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Daniel Berliner;A. Prakash
当规范转化为具体的计划时，它们就会塑造政策。如果一个广泛共享的规范被转化为一个薄弱的程序，会发生什么？这会对该计划的合法性产生怎样的影响？我们在联合国全球契约的背景下研究这些问题，这是一个自愿计划，体现了广泛共享的企业责任规范。虽然国际政府间组织(IGO)和国际非政府组织(INGO)网络都支持这一规范，但它们在《契约》方案设计的充分性上存在分歧。我们探讨了这种紧张关系如何影响契约在各国之间的传播，这些国家在IGO和INGO网络中的嵌入程度各不相同。我们的发现表明，IGO网络的嵌入性促进了采用，而INGO网络的嵌入性阻碍了采用。我们的分析为自愿治理机制的发起人提供了重要的经验教训。对一种规范的广泛支持并不能自动确保对声称体现该规范的程序的支持。
Norms shape policy when they get translated into concrete programs. What if a widely shared norm gets translated into a weak program? How might this influence the program's legitimacy? We examine these issues in the context of the United Nations Global Compact, a voluntary program that embodies the widely shared norm of corporate responsibility. While both international intergovernmental organization (IGO) and international non-governmental organization (INGO) networks support this norm, they differ on the adequacy of the Compact's program design. We explore how this tension affects the diffusion of the Compact across countries, which vary in their levels of embeddedness in IGO and INGO networks. Our findings suggest that embeddedness in IGO networks encourages adoption, while embeddedness in INGO networks discourages it. Our analysis provides important lessons for sponsors of voluntary governance mechanisms. Widespread support for a norm does not automatically ensure support for a program that claims to embody it.