Effects of Knowledge Organization on Task Performance
Effects of Knowledge Organization on Task Performance
复制标题
知识组织对任务绩效的影响
DOI：
10.1207/s1532690xci0101_2
复制
发表时间：
1984
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
F. Reif
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
B. Eylon;F. Reif
本研究提出一种促进人类在科学相关的回忆和问题解决任务上表现的知识组织。这种组织是分层结构的，以便在不同的细节层次上描述知识；它也是任务适应的，以便更高的级别包含对实现预期任务最重要的信息。这种组织的有效性通过两个实验来评估，在实验一中，大学水平的受试者阅读一篇文章并完成特殊的训练任务，以获得一个物理主题的知识，该主题要么按照前面的层次组织，要么按照详细的单层次组织；第三组将单级组织读了两遍。在随后的测试中，具有等级组织的受试者在回忆、纠错和知识修正任务上的表现明显更好。在实验2中，受试者在同一物理主题的两个可选层次组织中任选一种获取知识，但信息分布不同。
This study proposes a knowledge organization facilitating human performance on scientifically relevant recall and problem-solving tasks. This organization is structured hierarchically so as to describe knowledge at different levels of detail; it is also task-adapted so that higher levels include information most important for implementing the intended tasks. The efficacy of this organization was assessed by two experiments, in experiment I, college-level subjects read a text and performed special training tasks to acquire knowledge of a physics topic organized either in the preceding hierarchical, or in a detailed single-level .organization; a third group read the single-level organization twice. In a subsequent test, subjects with the hierarchical organization performed appreciably better on tasks of recall, error correction, and knowledge modification. In experiment 2, subjects acquired knowledge in either of two alternative hierarchical organizations of the same physics topic, but with information dist...