Osteocyte Mechanobiology.

Osteocyte Mechanobiology.
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DOI:
10.1007/s11914-017-0373-0
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发表时间:
2017-08
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Pajevic PD
Pajevic PD
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Uda Y;Azab E;Sun N;Shi C;Pajevic PD

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在过去的几十年里,骨细胞已经成为骨骼的机械传感器和骨稳态的主要调节者。本文综述了在理解骨细胞机械生物学方面的最新研究和进展,并对目前可用于研究这些细胞的工具进行了评介。虽然机械力的增加促进了骨的形成,但负荷的减少总是与骨丢失和骨骼脆性有关。最近的研究发现纤毛、整合素、钙通道和G蛋白偶联受体是机械力的重要感受器,钙和cAMP信号是关键的效应器。在机械力调节的转录本中,硬化素和RANKL已成为废用性骨丢失的潜在治疗靶点。本文综述了骨细胞感知和传递机械信号的机制以及可用于研究机械信号转导的模型。并对该领域的未来发展方向进行了讨论。
Over the past decades, osteocytes have emerged as mechano-sensors of bone and master regulators of bone homeostasis. This article summarizes latest research and progress made in understanding osteocyte mechanobiology and critically reviews tools currently available to study these cells. Whereas increased mechanical forces promote bone formation, decrease loading is always associated with bone loss and skeletal fragility. Recent studies identified cilia, integrins, calcium channels and G-protein coupled receptors as important sensors of mechanical forces and Ca2+ and cAMP signaling as key effectors. Among transcripts regulated by mechanical forces, sclerostin and RANKL have emerged as potential therapeutic targets for disuse-induced bone loss. In this paper we review the mechanisms by which osteocytes perceive and transduce mechanical cues and the models available to study mechano-transduction. Future directions of the field are also discussed.
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