SOIL QUALITY INDICATORS AND CROP YIELD UNDER LONG-TERM TILLAGE SYSTEMS
SOIL QUALITY INDICATORS AND CROP YIELD UNDER LONG-TERM TILLAGE SYSTEMS
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长期耕作制度下的土壤质量指标和作物产量
DOI：
10.1017/s0014479716000521
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发表时间：
2017-10-01
影响因子：
1.6
通讯作者：
Xie, Junhong
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Luo, Zhuzhu;Gan, Yantai;Xie, Junhong
土壤质量指标（SQI）可作为农业系统可持续性评估的综合工具。在这项研究中，我们开发了SQI使用最小数据集（MDS），并确定了SQI的长期耕作制度的反应。豌豆（Pisum sativum L.）和春小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）在中国西北地区，在隔年种植，并在试验开始后6年测定土壤属性和作物生产力。用于开发SQI的MDS包括土壤物理性质（团聚体、容重、毛管孔隙度、田间持水量）、化学性质（土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、有效钾）和生物性质（微生物数量、微生物生物量以及过氧化氢酶、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶和转化酶的活性）。在0-5、5-10和10-30 cm深度中测量了所有属性变量，并选择对SQI有显着贡献的变量纳入MDS中。在测量的变量，体积密度和微生物计数发生在MDS的所有三个深度，这表明这两个属性是高度影响耕作处理。在长期田间试验中，留茬覆盖处理的SQI得分最高，作物产量最高。在耕作制度下的土壤质量可以充分评估使用MDS测量的土壤表层（0-5厘米）在耕作的农业生态系统。
SUMMARY Soil quality indicators (SQI) can be used as a synthetic tool for the assessment of the sustainability of agricultural systems. In this study, we developed SQI using minimum data set (MDS) and determined the response of SQI to long-term tillage systems. Field pea (Pisum sativum L.) and spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown in alternate years at northwestern China, and soil attributes and crop productivity were measured 6 years after the initiation of the experiment. The MDS used to develop the SQI included soil physical (aggregate, bulk density, capillary porosity, field capacity), chemical (soil organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium) and biological (microbial count, microbial biomass, and the activities of catalase, urease, alkaline phosphatase, and invertase) properties. All the property variables were measured in each of the 0–5, 5–10 and 10–30 cm depths and those variables that contributed significantly to the SQI were selected to be included in the MDS. Amongst the measured variables, bulk density and microbial counts occurred in the MDS of all the three depths, suggesting that these two properties are highly affected by the tillage treatments. In the long-term field experiment, the no-till with stubble covering the soil surface treatment received the greatest SQI score and achieved the highest crop yield. Soil quality under tillage systems can be assessed adequately using MDS measured at the top soil (0–5 cm) layer in rainfed agro-ecosystems.