Explosive genetic evidence for explosive human population growth.

Explosive genetic evidence for explosive human population growth.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.gde.2016.09.002
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发表时间:
2016-12
影响因子:
4
通讯作者:
Keinan, Alon
Keinan, Alon
中科院分区:
生物学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Gao, Feng;Keinan, Alon

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新一代测序技术的出现使得收集大量的基因变异数据成为可能。在对越来越多的个体样本进行研究后,一个反复出现的发现是,非常罕见的基因变异出现了极端的、以前意想不到的过剩,这主要是由于最近人类人口的爆炸性增长造成的。在这里,我们回顾了最近的文献,这些文献用不同的方法推断了不同人群中人口规模的近期变化,其中许多文献指出了最近的爆炸性增长,特别是在欧洲人口中,这方面的数据更多。我们还回顾了最先进的方法和软件,用于推断导致这些发现的历史人口规模变化。最后,我们讨论了最近的人口增长对个性化基因组学的影响,对非平衡状态下的净化选择的影响,以及由此导致的复杂疾病的遗传结构和发现导致复杂疾病风险的罕见变异的作图方法的表现。
The advent of next-generation sequencing technology has allowed the collection of vast amounts of genetic variation data. A recurring discovery from studying larger and larger samples of individuals had been the extreme, previously unexpected, excess of very rare genetic variants, which has been shown to be mostly due to the recent explosive growth of human populations. Here, we review recent literature that inferred recent changes in population size in different human populations and with different methodologies, with many pointing to recent explosive growth, especially in European populations for which more data has been available. We also review the state-of-the-art methods and software for the inference of historical population size changes that lead to these discoveries. Finally, we discuss the implications of recent population growth on personalized genomics, on purifying selection in the non-equilibrium state it entails and, as a consequence, on the genetic architecture underlying complex disease and the performance of mapping methods in discovering rare variants that contribute to complex disease risk.
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