Car ownership and commuting mode of the "original" residents in a high-density city center: A case study in Shanghai
Car ownership and commuting mode of the "original" residents in a high-density city center: A case study in Shanghai
复制标题
高密度市中心“原生”居民汽车保有量及通勤模式——以上海为例
DOI：
10.5198/jtlu.2021.1606
复制
发表时间：
2021-01-01
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Ge, Yanbo
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chen, Tao;Pan, Haixiao;Ge, Yanbo
随着中国城市化和机动化的快速发展，出现了许多特大城市，大量人口在市中心生活和工作。因此，发展以公共交通为导向的城市结构和促进可持续发展是该国的主要规划战略。为了了解轨道交通对高密度城市中心机动化的影响，我们在上海市中心区的地铁站周围的三个社区进行了家庭出行调查。我们考察了上海“原住民”的购车和通勤行为。研究表明，40%的市中心通勤者向外通勤，通勤模式几乎相反，显著影响他们购车选择的因素包括他们对汽车和交通的态度、家庭收入、他们居住的公寓的所有权，以及家庭成员的工作场所与最近的地铁站之间的距离。尽管从市中心的家中很容易到达地铁站，但购买公寓的人也可能拥有一辆汽车，而租用公寓的人拥有汽车的可能性较小;然而，这些几率仍然高于那些居住在从亲戚那里继承或由公司提供的公寓中的人。在城市中心，如果一个家庭拥有一辆汽车，那么这辆汽车几乎肯定会用于日常生活。研究结果表明，人们选择其他交通方式而不是汽车通勤也受到他们对公共交通的态度的影响，但其他因素也会在一定条件下微妙地改变人们的通勤行为。通勤距离不鼓励人们步行和乘坐公共汽车（但不是地铁）。随着到工作场所出口距离的增加，地铁变得不如汽车吸引人。混合土地使用鼓励人们步行或乘坐公共汽车，而不是开车。老年人更喜欢乘坐公共汽车和步行而不是开车，与男性受访者相比，女性受访者更喜欢步行、骑自行车和乘坐地铁而不是开车。这些发现有助于了解熟悉公共交通的人的行为，以及如何鼓励他们从驾驶汽车转向其他交通方式。
As a result of rapid urbanization and motorization in China, numerous mega-cities have emerged, and large numbers of people live and work in the city centers. Consequently, developing a public transport-oriented urban structure and promoting sustainable development are major planning strategies for the country. To understand the impact of rail transit on motorization in a high-density city center, we conduct a household travel survey in three neighborhoods around metro stations in the central area of Shanghai. We examine the car buying and commuting behavior of those Shanghai "original" residents who lived there when the city began growing, engulfing them in the center.Studies have shown that 40% of commuters in the city center commute outward, following a virtually reversed commute pattern, and the factors significantly affecting their car purchasing choice include their attitude toward cars and transit, household incomes, ownership of the apartments they live in, and the distance between family members' workplaces and nearest metro stations. Despite easy access to the metro from their home in the city center, those who purchase their apartment units also likely own a car, while those who rent their apartment units are less likely to own a car; however, these odds are still higher than for those who live in an apartment unit inherited from their relatives or provided by their company. In the city center, if a family owns a car, then that car would almost certainly be used for daily commuting.A multinomial logistic model is applied to examine the factors influencing the tendency for using cars. The results show that people's choices of commuting by alternative modes rather than cars are also shaped by their attitude toward public transportation, but other factors can also subtly change people's commuting behavior under certain conditions. The commuting distance discourages people from walking and taking buses (but not metro). As the egress distance to the workplace increases, the metro becomes less appealing than cars. Mixed land use encourages people to walk or take buses instead of driving. Older people prefer riding buses and walking to driving, and female respondents tend to prefer walking, cycling, and riding the metro to driving compared to male respondents. These findings contribute to understanding the behavior of people who are familiar with public transportation and how to encourage them to switch from driving cars to alternative transport modes.