Job Burnout in Mental Health Providers: A Meta-Analysis of 35 Years of Intervention Research
Job Burnout in Mental Health Providers: A Meta-Analysis of 35 Years of Intervention Research
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DOI：
10.1037/ocp0000047
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发表时间：
2018-01-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Salyers, Michelle P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dreison, Kimberly C.;Luther, Lauren;Salyers, Michelle P.
倦怠在心理健康服务提供者中普遍存在，并与巨大的员工、消费者和组织成本相关。在过去的 35 年里，已经进行了大量的干预研究，但尚未使用定量方法进行审查和综合。为了填补这一空白，我们对心理卫生工作者倦怠干预措施的有效性进行了荟萃分析。我们完成了对跨越 30 多年（1980 年至 2015 年）的倦怠干预研究的系统文献检索。每项符合条件的研究均由 2 名研究人员独立编码，并使用随机效应模型对数据进行分析，效应大小基于 Hedges g 统计量。我们计算了总体干预效果大小并进行了调节分析。荟萃分析中纳入了 27 个独特样本，代表 1,894 名心理健康工作者。干预措施对提供者倦怠有微小但积极的影响（Hedges' g = .13，p = .006）。主持人分析表明，在减少情绪疲惫方面，以人为导向的干预措施比以组织为导向的干预措施更有效（Q（之间）= 6.70，p = .010），并且工作培训/教育是最有效的组织干预亚型（Q（之间）= 12.50，p < .001）。较低的基线倦怠水平与较小的干预效应相关，并且在效应大小变异性中占很大比例。该领域在改善心理健康服务提供者的倦怠方面取得的进展有限。根据我们的研究结果，我们建议研究人员实施更广泛的干预措施，这些干预措施旨在满足独特的组织和员工需求，并包含更长的随访期。
Burnout is prevalent among mental health providers and is associated with significant employee, consumer, and organizational costs. Over the past 35 years, numerous intervention studies have been conducted but have yet to be reviewed and synthesized using a quantitative approach. To fill this gap, we performed a meta-analysis on the effectiveness of burnout interventions for mental health workers. We completed a systematic literature search of burnout intervention studies that spanned more than 3 decades (1980 to 2015). Each eligible study was independently coded by 2 researchers, and data were analyzed using a random-effects model with effect sizes based on the Hedges' g statistic. We computed an overall intervention effect size and performed moderator analyses. Twenty-seven unique samples were included in the meta-analysis, representing 1,894 mental health workers. Interventions had a small but positive effect on provider burnout (Hedges' g = .13, p = .006). Moderator analyses suggested that person-directed interventions were more effective than organization-directed interventions at reducing emotional exhaustion (Q(between) = 6.70, p = .010) and that job training/education was the most effective organizational intervention subtype (Q(between) = 12.50, p < .001). Lower baseline burnout levels were associated with smaller intervention effects and accounted for a significant proportion of effect size variability. The field has made limited progress in ameliorating mental health provider burnout. Based on our findings, we suggest that researchers implement a wider breadth of interventions that are tailored to address unique organizational and staff needs and that incorporate longer follow-up periods.