Effect of Skin on Finite Element Modeling of Foot and Ankle During Balanced Standing
Effect of Skin on Finite Element Modeling of Foot and Ankle During Balanced Standing
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DOI：
10.1007/s12204-018-1918-9
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发表时间：
2018-02
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Haihua Ou;Zeeshan Qaiser;Liping Kang;S. Johnson
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文献类型：
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作者：
Haihua Ou;Zeeshan Qaiser;Liping Kang;S. Johnson
下肢损伤 (LEI) 的应力和应变的实验测量是侵入性的，因此预测需要足部和脚踝的生理学精确的 3D 有限元 (FE) 模型。在以前的模型中，皮肤通常被忽略。然而，实验研究表明，皮肤比软组织硬得多。在这项研究中，研究了皮肤对足弓变形的材料敏感性。开发了足部的有限元模型，其中包含骨骼、软组织、韧带、关节表面、足底腱膜、皮肤和足底板。在没有皮肤或具有三种不同皮肤机械特性的情况下模拟平衡站立。通过包含不同的皮肤模型，与没有皮肤的模型相比，足部静态垂直刚度、足舟位移和足底腱膜应变发生显着变化。研究表明，皮肤比软组织表现出更坚硬的特性，因此在足部建模中不应被忽视。此外，该模型中考虑的足底板可以为建模损伤（例如足底板撕裂）提供帮助。
Experimental measurements of stresses and strains for lower extremity injuries (LEI) are invasive, and therefore, predictions require physiologically accurate 3D finite element (FE) models of the foot and ankle. In previous models, skin is typically neglected. However, experimental studies have shown that skin is much stiffer than soft tissue. In this study, the material sensitivity of skin on foot arch deformation is investigated. A finite element model of the foot is developed, incorporating bones, soft tissue, ligament, articulating surfaces, plantar aponeurosis, skin and plantar plate. Balanced standing is simulated without skin or with three different skin mechanical properties. By including different skin models, the foot static vertical stiffness, navicular displacement and plantar aponeurosis strain change significantly, when compared with the model without skin. The study shows that skin, showing a much stiffer behaviour than soft tissue, should not be neglected in the foot modelling. Further, the plantar plate considered in this model can give merit to modelling injuries such as plantar plate tearing.