People's attitudes and reactions to organ donation
People's attitudes and reactions to organ donation
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人们对器官捐献的态度和反应
DOI：
10.1080/13576270600615351
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
0.8
通讯作者：
M. Sanner
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
M. Sanner
摘要本文是作者在以往关于人们对器官捐献反应的研究的基础上进行的，包括问卷调查和定性访谈。建立了一个模型，其中六个反对捐赠的因素和两个赞成捐赠的因素影响对器官捐赠的态度。该模型也可以应用于尸体解剖、解剖和埋葬等其他尸体处理过程。三分之二的成年人认识到器官捐赠的一些不适，尽管他们对移植本身持积极态度，并希望在需要时自己获得移植。最常见的不适是“永生幻觉”，这意味着很难想象活人和死人之间的区别，用尸体进行的手术被认为是在活人身上进行的。然而，对大多数人来说，这种不适是一种最初的反应，当反对利他主义和强调事实的论点时，这种反应就会消失。青少年不太愿意捐献器官，比成年人感到更多的不适，特别是通过捐献器官成为另一个人的一部分而侵入身份的边界。这些研究的发现可以帮助医务人员以同情的方式接近潜在捐赠者的亲属，并对捐赠活动产生影响。
Abstract This article is based on the author's previous studies on people's reactions to organ donation, including both questionnaire surveys and qualitative interviews. A model was developed where six anti-donation factors and two pro-donation factors influence the attitude toward organ donation. This model can be applied also to other procedures with the dead body such as autopsy, anatomical dissection, and burial. Two-thirds of the adult population recognise some discomfort concerning organ donation though they are positive to transplantation per se and want to obtain a transplant themselves if in need. The most common discomfort is “Illusion of lingering life,” which means that it is difficult to imagine a difference between the living and the dead body and that procedures with a corpse are perceived as conducted on a living body. However, for the majority, the discomfort is an initial reaction that dissolves when put against altruistic and fact-stressing arguments. Teenagers are less willing to donate organs and feel more discomfort than adults, especially concerning trespassing the borders of identity by becoming a part of another individual through a donated organ. The findings of these studies can help medical staff to approach relatives of a potential donor in an empathic way and also have implications for donation campaigns.