Conceptualizing a probabilistic risk and loss assessment framework for wildfires

Conceptualizing a probabilistic risk and loss assessment framework for wildfires
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构建野火概率风险和损失评估框架

DOI:
10.1007/s11069-022-05472-y
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发表时间:
2022
期刊:
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Thompson, Matthew P.
Thompson, Matthew P.
中科院分区:
工程技术3区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Elhami-Khorasani, Negar;Ebrahimian, Hamed;Buja, Lawrence;Cutter, Susan L.;Kosovic, Branko;Lareau, Neil;Meacham, Brian J.;Rowell, Eric;Taciroglu, Ertugrul;Thompson, Matthew P.

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野火是健康生态系统的重要组成部分,但荒地与城市界面的扩张,加上气候变化和其他人为活动,导致过去几十年野火危害的增加。管理未来的野火及其多维影响需要从传统的被动反应转向部署主动政策、战略和干预计划,以减少荒地与城市交界社区的野火风险。现有的风险评估框架缺乏统一的分析方法,无法正确捕捉跨社会、生态和技术系统的不确定性和决策的影响,阻碍了与风险降低投资相关的有效决策。本文提出了一种传播建模不确定性的概念性概率野火风险评估框架。该框架通过损失的空间概率密度函数来表征动态风险,其中损失可以包括不同的决策变量,例如物理、社会、经济、环境和健康影响,具体取决于利益相关者的需求和管辖权。所提出的方法包括一个计算框架,用于传播和整合火灾场景中的不确定性、荒地和城市地区的火灾传播、损害和损失分析。确定了该框架中需要进一步研究的要素,并讨论了表征野火损失的复杂性以及分析审议过程的必要性以纳入利益相关者的观点。
Wildfires are an essential part of a healthy ecosystem, yet the expansion of the wildland-urban interface, combined with climatic changes and other anthropogenic activities, have led to the rise of wildfire hazards in the past few decades. Managing future wildfires and their multi-dimensional impacts requires moving from traditional reactive response to deploying proactive policies, strategies, and interventional programs to reduce wildfire risk to wildland-urban interface communities. Existing risk assessment frameworks lack a unified analytical method that properly captures uncertainties and the impact of decisions across social, ecological, and technical systems, hindering effective decision-making related to risk reduction investments. In this paper, a conceptual probabilistic wildfire risk assessment framework that propagates modeling uncertainties is presented. The framework characterizes the dynamic risk through spatial probability density functions of loss, where loss can include different decision variables, such as physical, social, economic, environmental, and health impacts, depending on the stakeholder needs and jurisdiction. The proposed approach consists of a computational framework to propagate and integrate uncertainties in the fire scenarios, propagation of fire in the wildland and urban areas, damage, and loss analyses. Elements of this framework that require further research are identified, and the complexity in characterizing wildfire losses and the need for an analytical-deliberative process to include the perspectives of the spectrum of stakeholders are discussed.
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