Interpreting attoclock measurements of tunnelling times
Interpreting attoclock measurements of tunnelling times
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DOI：
10.1038/nphys3340
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发表时间：
2014-02
期刊：
影响因子：
19.6
通讯作者：
L. Torlina;F. Morales;J. Kaushal;I. Ivanov;A. Kheifets;A. Zielinski;A. Scrinzi;H. Muller;S. Suk
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
L. Torlina;F. Morales;J. Kaushal;I. Ivanov;A. Kheifets;A. Zielinski;A. Scrinzi;H. Muller;S. Suk
及时解决原子和分子的光吸收动力学，以及由此引起的电子重排，是阿秒光谱学最具挑战性的目标之一。原子钟是解决这个问题的一个很好的方法，它在强场区对电离时间进行编码。然而，从实验数据准确重建这些时间提出了一个艰巨的理论任务。在这里，我们解决这个问题，结合分析理论与实验室数值模拟。我们将我们的理论应用于氢原子的数值原子钟实验，提取电离时间延迟并分析其性质。强场电离通常被看作是通过由场和芯势产生的势垒的光学隧穿。我们表明，在氢原子中，光隧穿是瞬时的。我们还展示了如何使用氢原子校准attocock打开的方式来确定可能的延迟与强场电离过程中的多电子动力学。
Resolving in time the dynamics of light absorption by atoms and molecules, and the electronic rearrangement this induces, is among the most challenging goals of attosecond spectroscopy. The attoclock is an elegant approach to this problem, which encodes ionization times in the strong-field regime. However, the accurate reconstruction of these times from experimental data presents a formidable theoretical task. Here, we solve this problem by combining analytical theory withab initionumerical simulations. We apply our theory to numerical attoclock experiments on the hydrogen atom to extract ionization time delays and analyse their nature. Strong-field ionization is often viewed as optical tunnelling through the barrier created by the field and the core potential. We show that, in the hydrogen atom, optical tunnelling is instantaneous. We also show how calibrating the attoclock using the hydrogen atom opens the way to identifying possible delays associated with multielectron dynamics during strong-field ionization.