Comparison of acid mine drainage microbial communities in physically and geochemically distinct ecosystems
Comparison of acid mine drainage microbial communities in physically and geochemically distinct ecosystems
复制标题
DOI：
10.1128/aem.66.11.4962-4971.2000
复制
发表时间：
2000-11-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Banfield, JF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bond, PL;Druschel, GK;Banfield, JF
本研究提出了居住在极端酸性矿山排水（AMD）生产现场的微生物群落的种群分析，该现场是在Iron Mountain，California的非活性地下里士满矿，在那里，一个巨大的硫化物矿体（主要是黄铁矿）的风化产生的溶液与pH值接近0.5到接近1.0。在这里，我们使用了一套寡核苷酸探针，设计从最近获得的网站的分子数据，分析了一些微生物环境的荧光原位杂交，微生物群落分析与地球化学和矿物学数据，从这些环境。调查的环境是在矿体内，因此在现场的黄铁矿溶解，而不是发生下游的溶解环境。寡核苷酸探针的特异性所定义的微生物类型很少，占主导地位的微生物群落。检测到的大多数优势生物是新发现的或最近才与酸浸环境有关的生物。在许多社区中检测到“铁原体”，在pH值最低和离子强度最高的环境中特别占优势。在许多以泥质和黄铁矿为主的环境中也检测到了Leptocellum spp。在一个不寻常的subaireslime样本，一个新的未培养的Leptoacellum sp，占主导地位。硫杆菌属，被检测为一个突出的居民在温暖（类似43摄氏度）的环境。这里收集的信息对于确定铁山AMD生产的重要生物以及指导该过程的未来研究至关重要。这里提出的研究结果也有相关的微生物学的工业生物浸出和地球化学铁和硫循环的理解。
This study presents population analyses of microbial communities inhabiting a site of extreme acid mine drainage (AMD) production, The site is the inactive underground Richmond mine at Iron Mountain, Calif, where the weathering of a massive sulfide ore body (mostly pyrite) produces solutions with pHs of similar to0.5 to similar to1.0. Here we used a suite of oligonucleotide probes, designed from molecular data recently acquired from the site, to analyze a number of microbial environments by fluorescent in situ hybridization, Microbial-community analyses were correlated with geochemical and mineralogical data from those environments. The environments investigated were within the ore body and thus at the site of pyrite dissolution, as opposed to environments that occur downstream of the dissolution. Few organism types, as defined by the specificities of the oligonucleotide probes, dominated the microbial communities. The majority of the dominant organisms detected were newly discovered or organisms only recently associated with acid-leaching environments. "Ferroplasma" spp, were detected in many of the communities and were particularly dominant in environments of lowest pH and highest ionic strength. Leptospirillum spp, were also detected in many slime and pyrite-dominated environments. In samples of an unusual subaerial slime, a new uncultured Leptospirillum sp, dominated. Sulfobacillus spp, were detected as a prominent inhabitant in warmer (similar to 43 degreesC) environments. The information gathered here is critical for determining organisms important to AMD production at Iron Mountain and for directing future studies of this process. The findings presented here also have relevance to the microbiology of industrial bioleaching and to the understanding of geochemical iron and sulfur cycles.