Occasional reinforced trials during extinction can slow the rate of rapid reacquisition
Occasional reinforced trials during extinction can slow the rate of rapid reacquisition
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DOI：
10.1016/j.lmot.2004.05.001
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发表时间：
2004-11-01
影响因子：
1.4
通讯作者：
Pineño, O
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bouton, ME;Woods, AM;Pineño, O
两个用大鼠进行的食欲条件反射实验，考察了条件性反应后的重新获得，要么通过消退，要么通过部分强化程序，其中在许多非强化试验中偶尔会出现强化试验。在实验1中，对条件性刺激(CS)的再习得比没有接受过条件性刺激(CS)的组要快。然而，在灭绝的基础上增加偶尔的强化试验，减缓了这种快速的重新获得效应。实验2重复了这一结果，并表明，CS和无条件刺激(US)在消退中不成对的程序甚至进一步干扰了重新获得。结果表明，快速再习得通常是在强化实验提供情境线索时产生的，这种线索可以通过向其他习得实验发送信号来更新反应(Ricker&Bouton，1996)。从几个理论角度来看，部分强化对消退的影响是令人惊讶的，并具有有用的临床意义。(C)2004 Elsevier Inc.保留所有权利。
Two appetitive conditioning experiments with rats examined reacquisition after conditioned responding was eliminated by either extinction or by a partial reinforcement procedure in which reinforced trials were occasionally presented among many nonreinforced trials. In Experiment 1, reacquisition to a conditional stimulus (CS) that had been conditioned and extinguished was more rapid than acquisition in a group that had received no prior conditioning. However, the addition of occasional reinforced trials to extinction slowed this rapid reacquisition effect. Experiment 2 replicated the result and showed that a procedure in which the CS and the unconditional stimulus (US) were unpaired in extinction interfered even further with reacquisition. The results suggest that rapid reacquisition is ordinarily produced when reinforced trials provide a contextual cue that can renew responding by signaling other acquisition trials (Ricker & Bouton, 1996). The effects of partial reinforcement in extinction are surprising from several theoretical perspectives and have useful clinical implications. (C) 2004 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.