Circulating Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha May Modulate the Short-Term Detraining Induced Muscle Mass Loss Following Prolonged Resistance Training
Circulating Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha May Modulate the Short-Term Detraining Induced Muscle Mass Loss Following Prolonged Resistance Training
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DOI：
10.3389/fphys.2019.00527
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发表时间：
2019-05-03
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Onambele, Gladys L.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
McMahon, Gerard;Morse, Christopher, I;Onambele, Gladys L.
Introduction: Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine that has been shown to modulate muscle mass, and is responsive to exercise training. The effects of resistance training (RT) followed by a short period of detraining on muscle size, architecture and function in combination with circulating TNF alpha levels have not been previously investigated in a young, healthy population.Methods: Sixteen participants (8 males and 8 females) were randomly assigned to a training group (TRA; age 20 +/- 3 years, mass 76 +/- 7 kg), whilst fourteen participants (7 males and 7 females) age 22 +/- 2 years, mass 77 +/- 6 kg were assigned to a control group (CON). Measures of vastus lateralis (VL) muscle size (normalized physiological cross-sectional area allometrically scaled to body mass; npCSA), architecture (fascicle length; L-F, pennation angle P theta), strength (knee extensor maximal voluntary contraction; KE MVC), specific force, subcutaneous fat (SF) and circulating TNF alpha were assessed at baseline (BL), post 8 weeks RT (PT), and at two (DT1) and four (DT2) weeks of detraining.Results: Pooled BL TNF alpha was 0.87 +/- 0.28 pg/mL with no differences between groups. BL TNF alpha tended to be correlated with npCSA (p = 0.055) and KEMVC (p = 0.085) but not specific force (p = 0.671) or SF (p = 0.995). There were significant (p < 0.05) increases in npCSA compared to BL and CON in TRA at PT, DT1, and DT2, despite significant (p < 0.05) decreases in npCSA compared to PT at DT1 and DT2. There were significant (p < 0.05) increases in L-F, P theta and KE MVC at PT but only L-F and torque at DT1. There were no significant (p > 0.05) changes in SF, specific force or TNF alpha at any time points. There was a significant correlation (p = 0.022, r = 0.57) between the relative changes in TNF alpha and npCSA at DT2 compared to PT.Discussion: Neither RT nor a period of short term detraining altered the quality of muscle (i.e., specific force) despite changes in morphology and function. TNF alpha does not appear to have any impact on RT-induced gains in muscle size or function, however, TNF alpha may play a role in inflammatory-status mediated muscle mass loss during subsequent detraining in healthy adults.
