The influence of storage practices on aflatoxin contamination in maize in four agroecological zones of Benin, west Africa
The influence of storage practices on aflatoxin contamination in maize in four agroecological zones of Benin, west Africa
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DOI：
10.1016/s0022-474x(99)00056-9
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发表时间：
2000-10-01
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Poehling, HM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hell, K;Cardwell, KF;Poehling, HM
对西非沿海国家贝宁4个农业生态区300家农户的黄曲霉毒素水平进行了为期2年的测定。在抽样调查问卷被用来评估玉米储存的做法。农民被问及他们使用的存储结构，他们的存储形式，存储期，存储中的害虫问题以及对他们做了什么。贝宁农民在储存期间经常改变其储存结构，将玉米从干燥或临时储存库转移到更耐用的储存库。大多数农民抱怨昆虫破坏储存的玉米，通常使用储存或棉花杀虫剂来对付这些害虫。回归分析确定了这些因素与增加或减少黄曲霉毒素。玉米样品在几内亚南部和苏丹稀树草原与较高的黄曲霉毒素水平和森林/稀树草原马赛克有关的毒素水平较低。与较高黄曲霉毒素相关的因素是：储存3-5个月，虫害和使用Khaya senegalensis树皮或其他当地植物作为储存保护剂。根据农业生态区的不同，黄曲霉毒素形成风险较高的储存结构是“Ago”、“Secco”、“Zingo”或储存在屋顶下或屋顶上。较低的黄曲霉毒素水平与储存或棉花杀虫剂的使用、机械方法或烟雾以防止害虫或在装载新收获的棉花之前清洁仓库有关。当玉米储存在竹子制成的“Ago”中或使用袋子作为二级储存容器时，发现黄曲霉毒素较少。(C)2000爱思唯尔科技有限公司版权所有。
Aflatoxin level in 300 farmers' stores in four agro-ecological zones in Benin, a west African coastal country, were determined over a period of 2 years. At sampling a questionnaire was used to evaluate maize storage practices. Farmers were asked what storage structure they used, their storage form, storage period, pest problems in storage and what was done against them. Beninese farmers often changed their storage structures during the storage period, transfering the maize from a drying or temporary store to a more durable one. Most of the farmers complained about insects damaging stored maize, Often, storage or cotton insecticides were utilized against these pests. Regression analysis identified those factors that were associated with increased or reduced aflatoxin.Maize samples in the southern Guinea and Sudan savannas were associated with higher aflatoxin levels and the forest/savanna mosaic was related to lower toxin levels. Factors associated with higher aflatoxin were: storage for 3-5 months, insect damage and use of Khaya senegalensis-bark or other local plants as storage protectants. Depending on the agroecological zone, storage structures that had a higher risk of aflatoxin development were the "Ago", the "Secco", the "Zingo" or storing under or on top of the roof of the house. Lower aflatoxin levels were related to the use of storage or cotton insecticides, mechanical means or smoke to protect against pests or cleaning of stores before loading them with the new harvest. Fewer aflatoxins were found when maize was stored in the "Ago" made from bamboo or when bags were used as secondary storage containers. (C) 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.