Effects of Wood Ash-Based Alkaline Treatment on Nitrogen, Carbon, and Phosphorus Availability in Food Waste and Agro-Industrial Waste Digestates
Effects of Wood Ash-Based Alkaline Treatment on Nitrogen, Carbon, and Phosphorus Availability in Food Waste and Agro-Industrial Waste Digestates
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DOI：
10.1007/s12649-020-01211-1
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发表时间：
2020-08
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Alejandro Moure Abelenda;K. Semple;A. Lag-Brotons;B. Herbert;G. Aggidis;F. Aiouache
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Alejandro Moure Abelenda;K. Semple;A. Lag-Brotons;B. Herbert;G. Aggidis;F. Aiouache
由于需要具有特殊条件的大容量储存设施，食品废物和农业工业废物残渣以及飞灰和底部木灰的处理对于产生它们的社会和工业来说代表了经济和环境问题。由于这两种材料都含有重要的作物营养素，因此研究了两种不同的混合组合作为潜在的缓释肥料，以加强循环经济。选择了高比例的生物质灰，目的是化学碱稳定的状态。在22 °C和IOOrpm下孵育10小时期间测量共混物的水溶性提取物中的氮、碳和磷的浓度，所述共混物通过向每份样品添加10份milli-Q®并随后进行固液分离而获得。氨的挥发是氮素损失的主要途径，混合时挥发率最大，培养结束时挥发率约为50 mg NH3-N/kg混合物/小时。在碱性pH值下发生的水解被认为是负责有机氮转化为氨态氮和增加的水溶性碳的量，在孵育过程中逐步上升。共混物的高pH值（> 10）阻止了CO2的释放。在制备混合物时，水溶性正磷酸盐的浓度下降是由吸附到灰烬上驱动的。一些正磷酸盐的解吸被发现与添加到正磷酸盐中的灰分的量成反比。图形摘要
Handling of food waste and agro-industrial waste digestates, and fly and bottom wood ashes represents an economic and environmental problem for society and industries where they are produced due to the requirement of large capacity storage facilities with special conditions. Since both materials contain important nutrients for crops, two different blending combinations were examined as potential slow-release fertilizers to enhance the circular economy. High share of biomass ashes were selected aiming the chemical alkaline stabilization of the digestates. The concentrations of nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus in the water-soluble extract of the blends, which was obtained by adding ten parts of milli-Q® per each part of sample and subsequent solid–liquid separation, were measured during a 10-h incubation at 22 °C and 100 rpm. The volatilization of ammonia was the main route of losing nitrogen, with the greatest rate of volatilization at the time of blending and approximately 50 mg NH3-N/kg blend/hour by the end of the incubation. The hydrolysis taking place at alkaline pH was found responsible of the conversion of organic nitrogen to ammoniacal nitrogen and of the increase of the amount of water-soluble carbon, which rose progressively during the incubation. The release of CO2was prevented by the high pH (> 10) of the blends. The drop in the concentration of water-soluble orthophosphate at the time of preparing the mixtures was driven by adsorption onto the ashes. The desorption of some of the orthophosphate was found to be inversely related to the amount of ashes added to the digestates.Graphic Abstract