Species Richness and Adaptation of Marine Fungi from Deep-Subseafloor Sediments
Species Richness and Adaptation of Marine Fungi from Deep-Subseafloor Sediments
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DOI：
10.1128/aem.04064-14
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发表时间：
2015-05-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Burgaud, Gaetan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Redou, Vanessa;Navarri, Marion;Burgaud, Gaetan
真菌王国充满了独特的适应能力，使真菌能够在多种栖息地中定居，从海洋栖息地到淡水和陆地栖息地。最近利用分子方法在深层地下沉积物中强调了海洋真菌的多样性、重要性和生态作用。深海地下的真菌可能特别适应深海生物圈的生活，但这只能通过基于培养的分析来证明。在这项研究中，我们调查了从坎特伯雷盆地（新西兰）采集的创纪录深度的沉积物岩心中的可培养真菌群落，目的是揭示发挥重要生态作用的地方性或普遍存在的适应菌株。分离出约 200 种丝状真菌 (68%) 和酵母菌 (32%)。真菌分离株隶属于子囊菌门和担子菌门，包括 21 个属。筛选参与次级代谢物合成的基因也揭示了它们的生物活性化合物合成潜力。我们的研究结果提供了证据，表明深层地下真菌群落能够生存、适应、生长并与其他微生物群落相互作用，并强调深层沉积物栖息地是真菌的另一个生态位。
The fungal kingdom is replete with unique adaptive capacities that allow fungi to colonize a wide variety of habitats, ranging from marine habitats to freshwater and terrestrial habitats. The diversity, importance, and ecological roles of marine fungi have recently been highlighted in deep-subsurface sediments using molecular methods. Fungi in the deep-marine subsurface may be specifically adapted to life in the deep biosphere, but this can be demonstrated only using culture-based analyses. In this study, we investigated culturable fungal communities from a record-depth sediment core sampled from the Canterbury Basin (New Zealand) with the aim to reveal endemic or ubiquist adapted isolates playing a significant ecological role(s). About 200 filamentous fungi (68%) and yeasts (32%) were isolated. Fungal isolates were affiliated with the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota, including 21 genera. Screening for genes involved in secondary metabolite synthesis also revealed their bioactive compound synthesis potential. Our results provide evidence that deep-subsurface fungal communities are able to survive, adapt, grow, and interact with other microbial communities and highlight that the deep-sediment habitat is another ecological niche for fungi.