Corticotropin-releasing factor.
Corticotropin-releasing factor.
复制标题
促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb16171.x
复制
发表时间：
1990
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Jennes,L
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jennes,L
压力是一个模棱两可的术语，在生物医学文献中有多种含义。压力可以描述生理因素，如疼痛、创伤和寒冷暴露，或者更主观的心理因素，包括恐惧和个人损失。对压力的反应是由两个高度相互关联的主要系统介导的。一种涉及交感自主神经系统，它反过来激活内脏神经从肾上腺髓质的突触前末端释放乙酰胆碱。乙酰胆碱的释放诱导嗜铬细胞分泌肾上腺素和去甲肾上腺素进入全身循环，从而导致心输出量增加、高血糖和血压升高。应激反应的第二个分支是激素介导的，包括从下丘脑释放促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子（CRF），随后从垂体前叶分泌促肾上腺皮质激素，然后诱导肾上腺皮质释放糖皮质激素，更具体地说，从束状带释放糖皮质激素。皮质醇是最丰富的糖皮质激素，在ACTH刺激下释放。本文综述了下丘脑CRF系统介导的应激反应的第二个分支。
Stress is an ambiguous term that has been used in the biomedical literature with a variety of meanings. Stress can describe physiological factors, such as pain, trauma, and cold exposure, or more subjective psychological factors, including fear and personal loss.The response to stress is mediated by two major systems that are highly interconnected. One involves the sympathetic autonomic nervous system, which in turn activates the splanchnic nerve to release acetylcholine from presynaptic terminals in the adrenal medulla. The release of acetylcholine induces the secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine from the chromaffin cells into the general circulation which then results in an increase in cardiac output, hyperglycemia, and increased blood pressure. The second branch of the stress response is hormone mediated and includes the release of corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) from the hypothalamus, followed by ACTH secretion from the anterior pituitary, which then induces the release of glucocorticoids from the adrenal cortex-more specifically, from the zona fasciculata. Cortisol is the most abundant glucocorticoid that is released in response to an ACTH stimulus. This review focuses on the second branch of the response to stress-that which is mediated through the hypothalamic CRF system.