THE CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF EQUITY AND HEALTH
THE CONCEPTS AND PRINCIPLES OF EQUITY AND HEALTH
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DOI：
10.2190/986l-lhq6-2vte-yrrn
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发表时间：
1992-01-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
WHITEHEAD, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
WHITEHEAD, M
1984年，世界卫生组织欧洲区域的32个成员国一致商定了该区域共同卫生政策的38项目标，这是向前迈出的重要一步。公平不仅是第一个目标的主题，而且还被视为贯穿整个政策的基本主题。然而，公平对不同的人有不同的含义。本文着眼于在世界卫生组织人人享有卫生保健政策的背景下所理解的公平的概念和原则。在考虑了在人群中观察到的健康差异的可能原因（其中一些是不可避免的，一些是不必要的和不公平的）之后，作者讨论了与卫生保健有关的公平，重点是获得保健、利用和质量的问题。最后，根据这些概念概述了在设计或执行政策时应牢记的七项行动原则，以便促进卫生和保健方面的更大公平。
In 1984, the 32 member states of the World Health Organization European Region took a remarkable step forward in agreeing unanimously on 38 targets for a common health policy for the Region. Not only was equity the subject of the first of these targets, but it was also seen as a fundamental theme running right through the policy as a whole. However, equity can mean different things to different people. This article looks at the concepts and principles of equity as understood in the context of the World Health Organization's Health for All policy. After considering the possible causes of the differences in health observed in populations-some of them inevitable and some unnecessary and unfair-the author discusses equity in relation to health care, concentrating on issues of access to care, utilization, and quality. Lastly, seven principles for action are outlined, stemming from these concepts, to be borne in mind when designing or implementing policies, so that greater equity in health and health care can be promoted.