Vertical aerosol distribution and mesospheric clouds from ExoMars UVIS
Vertical aerosol distribution and mesospheric clouds from ExoMars UVIS
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ExoMars UVIS 的垂直气溶胶分布和中层云
DOI：
10.1002/essoar.10508103.1
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发表时间：
2021
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Streeter P
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Streeter P
火星大气层的垂直不透明度结构对于了解冰（水和二氧化碳）和尘埃的分布非常重要。我们提出了一个新的数据集的灭绝不透明度配置文件从NOMAD/紫外线光谱仪搭载ExoMars微量气体轨道器，涵盖一个半火星年（MY），包括MY 34全球沙尘暴和几个区域沙尘暴。我们讨论了具体的中间层云的功能，并与现有的文献和火星全球气候模式（MGCM）运行与数据同化进行比较。中层不透明度的功能，解释为水冰，是目前在全球和区域的沙尘事件，并与一个升高的湿层顶在MGCM，提供证据表明，区域沙尘暴可以提高运输的蒸汽到中层高度（大气逃逸的潜在影响）。沙尘暴的季节也对云特征的寿命产生了明显的影响，沙尘季节早期的事件与持续时间较长的中间层云层相关。即使在没有区域性沙尘暴的情况下，在沙尘季节也存在中间层不透明度特征，并根据以前的文献解释为水冰。同化的MGCM温度结构与UVIS不透明度一致，但MGCM不透明度场难以再现中层冰的特征，这表明需要进一步发展水冰参数化。紫外线可见光不透明度数据集为进一步研究火星大气的垂直气溶胶结构提供了机会，并验证了如何在数值模型中表示。
The vertical opacity structure of the martian atmosphere is important for understanding the distribution of ice (water and carbon dioxide) and dust. We present a new data set of extinction opacity profiles from the NOMAD/UVIS spectrometer aboard the ExoMars Trace Gas Orbiter, covering one and a half Mars Years (MY) including the MY 34 Global Dust Storm and several regional dust storms. We discuss specific mesospheric cloud features and compare with existing literature and a Mars Global Climate Model (MGCM) run with data assimilation. Mesospheric opacity features, interpreted to be water ice, were present during the global and regional dust events and correlate with an elevated hygropause in the MGCM, providing evidence that regional dust storms can boost transport of vapor to mesospheric altitudes (with potential implications for atmospheric escape). The season of the dust storms also had an apparent impact on the resulting lifetime of the cloud features, with events earlier in the dusty season correlating with longer‐lasting mesospheric cloud layers. Mesospheric opacity features were also present during the dusty season even in the absence of regional dust storms, and interpreted to be water ice based on previous literature. The assimilated MGCM temperature structure agreed well with the UVIS opacities, but the MGCM opacity field struggled to reproduce mesospheric ice features, suggesting a need for further development of water ice parameterizations. The UVIS opacity data set offers opportunities for further research into the vertical aerosol structure of the martian atmosphere, and for validation of how this is represented in numerical models.