Invasive species and land bird diversity on remote South Atlantic islands
Invasive species and land bird diversity on remote South Atlantic islands
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南大西洋偏远岛屿的入侵物种和陆地鸟类多样性
DOI：
10.1007/s10530-013-0524-x
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
C. Martinez del Rio
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. A. Tabak;S. Poncet;Ken Passfield;C. Martinez del Rio
入侵物种对生物多样性构成严重威胁，特别是在岛屿上。它们引起的排斥和人口下降，但鲜为人知的是，他们的后果上出现的，metacompatibility水平模式的本地物种在岛屿组合。我们调查了种-面积关系的差异，嵌套，和占用9种本土鸟类之间的岛屿组合和入侵挪威大鼠（褐家鼠）在福克兰群岛。我们发现，物种面积曲线，嵌套，和个别物种的出现不同的岛屿组合和没有老鼠。没有老鼠的岛屿比老鼠出没的岛屿平均多2.1种陆地鸟类。雀形目鸟类群落与无鼠岛屿显着嵌套，但嵌套显着高于无鼠岛屿比老鼠出没的岛屿。老鼠的存在与许多但不是所有鸟类的发病率差异有关。在无鼠岛屿上，所有物种的发生率随岛屿面积的增加而增加。大多数（尽管不是全部）鸟类物种的出现率在有老鼠的岛屿上低于没有老鼠的岛屿。两个物种的保护问题，穴居人aedon cobbi和anastroides，丰富的无鼠岛屿，但没有或发现在非常低的频率与老鼠的岛屿。三个物种的发生与大鼠的存在无关。这里提出的模式可以用来评估正在进行的老鼠根除雀形目的多样性，分布和丰度的后果。
Invasive species pose significant threats to biodiversity, especially on islands. They cause extinctions and population declines, yet little is known about their consequences on the emergent, metacommunity-level patterns of native species in island assemblages. We investigated differences in species–area relationships, nestedness, and occupancy of 9 species of native land birds between island assemblages with and without invasive Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) in the Falkland Archipelago. We found that species–area curves, nestedness, and individual species’ occurrences differed between island assemblages with and without rats. Rat-free islands had, on average, 2.1 more land bird species than rat-infested islands of similar size. Passerine bird communities on islands with and without rats were significantly nested, but nestedness was significantly higher on rat-free islands than on rat-infested islands. The presence of rats was associated with differences in the incidence of many, but not all bird species. On rat free islands the occurrence of all species increased with island area. The occurrence of most, albeit not all, bird species was lower on islands with than on islands without rats. Two species of conservation concern, Troglodytes aedon cobbi and Cinclodes antarcticus, were abundant on rat-free islands, but absent or found at very low frequencies on islands with rats. The occurrence of three species was not associated with the presence of rats. The patterns presented here can be used to evaluate the consequences of ongoing rat eradications for passerine diversity, distribution, and abundance.