Technological, economic and environmental prospects of all-electric aircraft
Technological, economic and environmental prospects of all-electric aircraft
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DOI：
10.1038/s41560-018-0294-x
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发表时间：
2019-02-01
期刊：
影响因子：
56.7
通讯作者：
Torija, Antonio J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schafer, Andreas W.;Barrett, Steven R. H.;Torija, Antonio J.
自从1903年莱特兄弟首次进行动力飞行以来，商用飞机就一直依赖液态碳氢化合物燃料。然而，温室气体排放减少的需要沿着汽车电池技术的最新进展，已经产生了对航空电推进的强烈兴趣。该分析对全电动飞机的能源、经济和环境影响进行了一级评估。我们表明，具有更高比能量和更低成本的电池，再加上进一步降低成本和电力的二氧化碳强度，对于利用全电动飞机提供的全面经济和环境效益是必要的。2015年，一个全球性的全电动飞机机队服务于400-600海里（741-1，111公里）的所有航班，将需要相当于全球电力消耗的0.6-1.7%。虽然全电动飞机的生命周期二氧化碳排放取决于发电组合，但所有直接燃烧排放以及直接空气污染物和直接非二氧化碳变暖影响都将被消除。
Ever since the Wright brothers'first powered flight in 1903, commercial aircraft have relied on liquid hydrocarbon fuels. However, the need for greenhouse gas emission reductions along with recent progress in battery technology for automobiles has generated strong interest in electric propulsion in aviation. This Analysis provides a first-order assessment of the energy, economic and environmental implications of all-electric aircraft. We show that batteries with significantly higher specific energy and lower cost, coupled with further reductions of costs and CO2 intensity of electricity, are necessary for exploiting the full range of economic and environmental benefits provided by all-electric aircraft. A global fleet of all-electric aircraft serving all flights up to a distance of 400-600 nautical miles (741-1,111km) would demand an equivalent of 0.6-1.7% of worldwide electricity consumption in 2015. Although lifecycle CO2 emissions of all-electric aircraft depend on the power generation mix, all direct combustion emissions and thus direct air pollutants and direct non-CO2 warming impacts would be eliminated.