Polarity sensitivity as (non) veridical dependency
Polarity sensitivity as (non) veridical dependency
复制标题
极性敏感性作为（非）垂直依赖性
DOI：
10.2307/417444
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发表时间：
2000
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
A. Giannakidou
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
A. Giannakidou
自从Klima对英语否定的开创性工作以来，极性现象就为语言学家所知。在这本专著中，Giannakidou提出了一种新的极性理论，通过引入一个比否定和向下蕴涵更广泛的概念：（非）真实性，避免了以前方法的经验和概念问题。其主要观点是，语言中的各种极性现象是某些表达式（即极性项）依赖于出现语境的（非）真实性的表现。对否定或向下蕴涵的依赖是作为非真实性的子例出现的，（非）真实依赖可以是正的（许可），也可以是负的（反许可），并且产生于极性项的敏感性语义。这本书还关注的敏感性依赖的句法映射。有人认为，发放许可证并不一定符合被许可人必须在许可证发放者范围内的要求。在某些情况下，例如对否定一致的解释，则需要反过来：被许可人将许可人纳入其范围。该理论适用于一组扩展的旧的和新的数据有关的情感，自由选择的依赖关系，并在关系从句的语气选择。主要重点是希腊语，但也考虑了荷兰语，英语以及较小程度的罗曼语和斯拉夫语的数据。
Polarity phenomena have been known to linguists since Klima’s seminal work on English negation. In this monograph Giannakidou presents a novel theory of polarity which avoids the empirical and conceptual problems of previous approaches by introducing a notion wider than negation and downward entailment: (non)veridicality. The leading idea is that the various polarity phenomena observed in language are manifestations of the dependency of certain expessions, i.e. polarity items, to the (non)veridicality of the context of appearence. Dependencies to negation or downward entailment emerge as subcases of nonveridicality.The (non)veridical dependency may be positive (licensing), or negative (anti-licensing), and arises from the sensitivity semantics of polarity items. The book is also concerned with the syntactic mapping of the sensitivity dependency. It is argued that licensing does not necessarily correspond to a requirement that the licensee be in the scope of the licenser. In some cases, for instance for the interpretation of negative concord, the reverse is required: that the licensee takes the licenser in its scope. The theory is applied to an extended set of old and new data concerning affective, free-choice dependencies, and mood choice in relative clauses. The primary focus is on Greek, but data from Dutch, English, and to a lesser extend Romance and Slavic, are also considered.