Biological monitoring survey of organophosphorus pesticide exposure among preschool children in the Seattle metropolitan area
Biological monitoring survey of organophosphorus pesticide exposure among preschool children in the Seattle metropolitan area
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DOI：
10.2307/3434700
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发表时间：
2001-03-01
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Fenske, RA
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lu, CS;Knutson, DE;Fenske, RA
在这项研究中，我们评估了有机磷（OP）农药暴露的儿童生活在两个西雅图大都市区社区通过测量尿液代谢物，并确定可能的暴露风险因素，通过家长访谈。我们在门诊候诊室招募儿童。我们在1998年春季和秋季对96个家庭的110名2-5岁儿童进行了现场尿样检查。我们分析了尿液样本中的六种二烷基磷酸盐（DAP）化合物，这是OP农药的常见代谢物。通过对父母的采访，我们收集了人口统计学和住宅杀虫剂使用数据。在99%的儿童中测量到至少一种DAP代谢物，在70-75%的儿童中测量到两种主要代谢物（DMTP和DETP）。我们没有发现与季节，社区，性别，年龄，家庭收入或住房类型有关的DAP浓度的显着差异。二甲基和二乙基DAP的中位浓度分别为0.11和0.04 μ mol/L（所有儿童）。父母报告在花园中使用农药的儿童的浓度显著较高（二甲基代谢物为0.19 μ mol/L vs. 0.09 μ mol/L，p = 0.05;二乙基代谢物为0.04 μ mol/L vs. 0.03 μ mol/L，p = 0.02），但根据报告的宠物治疗或室内住宅使用情况没有差异。在这项研究中，几乎所有的儿童都有可测量的OP农药代谢物水平。其中一些接触可能是由于饮食。花园杀虫剂的使用与代谢物水平升高有关。这些接触水平不太可能引起急性中毒，但这种接触对健康的长期影响尚不清楚。我们建议在儿童可能玩耍的区域避免使用OP杀虫剂。
In this study we assessed organophosphorus (OP) pesticide exposure among children living in two Seattle metropolitan area communities by measuring urinary metabolites, and identified possible exposure risk factors through a parental interview. We recruited children in clinic acid outpatient waiting rooms. We obtained spot urine samples in the spring and fall of 1998 from 110 children ages 2-5 years, from 96 households. We analyzed urine samples for six dialkylphosphate (DAP) compounds, the common metabolites of the OP pesticides. Through parental interviews we gathered demographic and residential pesticide use data. At least one of the DAP metabolites was measured in 99% of the children, and the two predominant metabolites (DMTP and DETP) were measured in 70-75% of the children. We found no significant differences in DAP concentrations related to season, community, sex, age, family income, or housing type. Median concentrations of dimethyl and diethyl DAPs were 0.11 and 0.04 mu mol/L, respectively (all children). Concentrations were significantly higher in children whose parents reported pesticide use in the garden (0.19 vs. 0.09 mu mol/L For dimethyl metabolites, p = 0.05; 0.04 vs. 0.03 mu mol/L for diethyl metabolites, p = 0.02), but were not different based on reported pet treatment or indoor residential use. Nearly all children in this study had measurable levels of OP pesticide metabolites. Some of this exposure was likely due to diet. Garden pesticide use was associated with elevated metabolite levels. It is unlikely that these exposure levels would cause acute intoxication, but the longterm health effects of such exposures are unknown. We recommend that OP pesticide use be avoided in areas where children are likely to play.