Small RNAs in Bacterial Virulence and Communication
Small RNAs in Bacterial Virulence and Communication
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DOI：
10.1128/microbiolspec.vmbf-0028-2015
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发表时间：
2016-06-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Sharma, Cynthia M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Svensson, Sarah L.;Sharma, Cynthia M.
细菌病原体在传播和感染过程中必须忍受或适应不同的环境和压力。转录后基因表达调控RNA，如小RNA和核糖开关，现在被认为是中央适应许多细菌，包括病原体。在致病性物种中基于RNA的调节（核糖调节）的研究为这些细菌如何调节毒力基因表达提供了新的见解。它还揭示了细菌小RNA在总体上控制基因表达的多种机制。核糖调节子及其靶点也可能被证明是替代靶点或为抗菌剂提供新的策略。在这篇文章中，我们概述了细菌用RNA调节的一般机制，重点是病原体的例子。此外，我们还简要回顾了深度测序方法如何有助于在小RNA鉴定及其功能研究中开辟新的视角。最后，我们讨论了两个模型病原体中的核糖核酸调控因子的例子，控制毒力因子的表达或生存相关的表型，如耐胁迫，生物膜形成，或细胞-细胞通信，以说明如何核糖核酸调控因子进入细菌病原体的调控网络。
Bacterial pathogens must endure or adapt to different environments and stresses during transmission and infection. Posttranscriptional gene expression control by regulatory RNAs, such as small RNAs and riboswitches, is now considered central to adaptation in many bacteria, including pathogens. The study of RNA-based regulation (riboregulation) in pathogenic species has provided novel insight into how these bacteria regulate virulence gene expression. It has also uncovered diverse mechanisms by which bacterial small RNAs, in general, globally control gene expression. Riboregulators as well as their targets may also prove to be alternative targets or provide new strategies for antimicrobials. In this article, we present an overview of the general mechanisms that bacteria use to regulate with RNA, focusing on examples from pathogens. In addition, we also briefly review how deep sequencing approaches have aided in opening new perspectives in small RNA identification and the study of their functions. Finally, we discuss examples of riboregulators in two model pathogens that control virulence factor expression or survival-associated phenotypes, such as stress tolerance, biofilm formation, or cell-cell communication, to illustrate how riboregulation factors into regulatory networks in bacterial pathogens.