Extensive Deep Gray Matter Volume Reductions in Children and Adolescents with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
Extensive Deep Gray Matter Volume Reductions in Children and Adolescents with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1530-0277.2011.01476.x
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发表时间：
2011-08-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Beaulieu, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Nardelli, Alexa;Lebel, Catherine;Beaulieu, Christian
背景：胎儿酒精谱系障碍(FASD)患者的许多认知、运动和行为障碍与潜在的特定结构脑损伤之间的联系可以使用高分辨率成像进行研究。大脑“中继站”的差异敏感性，即深层灰质结构，可能起到一个关键因素，因为它们在大脑功能中扮演着多方面的角色。方法：诊断为FASD的儿童和青少年(N=28，6-17岁)和56名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照组(即每个FASD受试者2名匹配的对照组)接受了三维T1加权MRI扫描，用于自动测量颅内间隙、总白质、皮质灰质和6个深部灰质结构，即海马体、杏仁核、丘脑、尾状核、壳核和苍白球，左右分开测量。结果：FASD显示颅内穹隆(7.6%)、总白质(8.6%)、总皮质灰质(7.8%)和总深部灰质(13.1%)体积明显减少。所有6个深部灰质结构均显示双侧明显的体积缩小，其中尾状核(约16%)和苍白球(约18%)受影响最大。3个年龄组(6~9岁、10~13岁和14~17岁)的海马体、丘脑和苍白球均有体积减小，但尾状核和壳核仅在2个最年轻的亚组中FASD的体积较小，杏仁核仅在2个最老的亚组中FASD的体积较小。结论：在6至17岁的广泛年龄范围内，FASD的深部灰质均有显著但可变的体积减小。
Background: The link between the numerous cognitive, motor, and behavioral difficulties of individuals with fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASD) and underlying specific structural brain injuries can be investigated using high-resolution imaging. Differential sensitivity of the brain's "relay" stations, namely the deep gray matter structures, may play a key factor given their multifaceted role in brain function. The purpose of our study was to analyze differences in deep gray matter volumes of children and adolescents with FASD relative to age/sex-matched controls and to examine whether any volume differences were consistent across the age range of neurodevelopment.Methods: Children and adolescents (N = 28, 6 to 17 years) diagnosed with FASD and 56 ageand sex-matched healthy controls (i.e., 2 matched controls per FASD subject) underwent 3-dimensional T1-weighted MRI scans that were used for the automated volume measurement (FreeSurfer) of the intracranial space, total white matter, cortical gray matter, and 6 deep gray matter structures, namely the hippocampus, amygdala, thalamus, caudate, putamen, and globus pallidus, with left and right measured separately. Volumes were compared between FASD and controls, as well as changes with age.Results: Significant reductions of volume in FASD were observed for the intracranial vault (7.6%), total white matter (8.6%), total cortical gray matter (7.8%), and total deep gray matter (13.1%). All 6 deep gray matter structures showed significant volume reductions bilaterally with the caudate (approximately 16%) and globus pallidus (approximately 18%) being most affected. The hippocampus, thalamus, and globus pallidus showed reductions in all 3 age subgroups (6 to 9, 10 to 13, and 14 to 17 years) but the caudate and putamen had smaller volumes for FASD only within the 2 youngest subgroups; the amygdala was only smaller for FASD in the 2 oldest subgroups.Conclusions: Significant, but variable, volume reductions throughout the deep gray matter are observed over a wide age range of 6 to 17 years in FASD.