Culture and biology in the origins of linguistic structure.
Culture and biology in the origins of linguistic structure.
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DOI：
10.3758/s13423-016-1166-7
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发表时间：
2017-02
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Kirby S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kirby S
语言在描述的各个层次上都有系统的结构，可以说，它在本质上有别于所有其他的交流实例。在这篇文章中，我调查了过去20年来的工作，强调个人学习，文化传播和生物进化对解释语言结构设计特征的贡献。这三个复杂的适应系统存在于一个相互作用的网络中：个体的学习偏好塑造了文化进化的动态;语言结构的普遍特征产生于这一文化过程并形成最终的语言表型;这种表型的性质影响了语言能力生物进化的适应性景观;反过来，这又决定了个体的学习偏好。使用计算模拟，实验室实验，并与现实世界的语言出现的情况下，比较相结合，我表明，语言结构出现作为文化进化的自然结果，一旦某些最低限度的生物要求。
Language is systematically structured at all levels of description, arguably setting it apart from all other instances of communication in nature. In this article, I survey work over the last 20 years that emphasises the contributions of individual learning, cultural transmission, and biological evolution to explaining the structural design features of language. These 3 complex adaptive systems exist in a network of interactions: individual learning biases shape the dynamics of cultural evolution; universal features of linguistic structure arise from this cultural process and form the ultimate linguistic phenotype; the nature of this phenotype affects the fitness landscape for the biological evolution of the language faculty; and in turn this determines individuals’ learning bias. Using a combination of computational simulation, laboratory experiments, and comparison with real-world cases of language emergence, I show that linguistic structure emerges as a natural outcome of cultural evolution once certain minimal biological requirements are in place.