State anxiety modulates the return of fear
State anxiety modulates the return of fear
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2016.08.001
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发表时间：
2016-12-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lonsdorf, Tina B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kuhn, Manuel;Mertens, Gaetan;Lonsdorf, Tina B.
目前对焦虑症的治疗是有效的，但受到临床复发频率高的限制。复发的过程被认为是在恐惧条件反射实验中通过回归恐惧（ROF）诱导进行实验建模的。因此，恢复引起的 ROF 可能被认为是研究逆境引起的复发机制的模型。先前的研究报告了差异性 ROF（即特定于危险刺激）和广义 ROF（即针对安全和危险刺激），但这些不同结果的原因尚不清楚。因此，恢复后的响应模式（即差异或广义）对于预测 ROF 的风险或恢复力可能很重要。本研究的目的是调查状态焦虑作为导致恐惧回归的可区分性或泛化的潜在个体差异因素。36 名参与者通过恢复接受指导的恐惧表达、消退和 ROF 诱导，同时获得恐惧的生理（皮肤电导反应、恐惧增强惊吓）和主观测量以及美国期望。我们的数据表明，正如预期的那样，与低状态焦虑个体相比，高状态焦虑个体在恢复诱导的 ROF（即泛化）后，在 SCR 区分危险和安全线索方面表现出缺陷。在厌恶情况下维持歧视的能力与病理性焦虑呈负相关，并预测弹性反应，而过度泛化是焦虑症的标志。因此，我们认为实验诱导的 ROF 可能有助于预测临床环境中的复发风险，并可能对预防复发的可能干预措施产生影响。 (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. 保留所有权利。
Current treatments for anxiety disorders are effective but limited by the high frequency of clinical relapse. Processes underlying relapse are thought to be experimentally modeled in fear conditioning experiments with return fear (ROF) inductions. Thereby reinstatement-induced ROF might be considered a model to study mechanisms underlying adversity-induced relapse. Previous studies have reported differential ROF (i.e. specific for the danger stimulus) but also generalized ROF (i.e. for safe and danger stimuli), but reasons for these divergent findings are not clear yet. Hence, the response pattern (i.e. differential or generalized) following reinstatement may be of importance for the prediction of risk or resilience for ROF. The aim of this study was to investigate state anxiety as a potential individual difference factor contributing to differentiability or generalization of return of fear.Thirty-six participants underwent instructed fear expression, extinction and ROF induction through reinstatement while physiological (skin conductance response, fear potentiated startle) and subjective measures of fear and US expectancy were acquired. Our data show that, as expected, high state anxious individuals show deficits in SCR discrimination between dangerous and safe cues after reinstatement induced ROF (i.e. generalization) as compared to low state anxious individuals.The ability to maintain discrimination under aversive circumstances is negatively associated with pathological anxiety and predictive of resilient responding while excessive generalization is a hallmark of anxiety disorders. Therefore, we suggest that experimentally induced ROF might prove useful in predicting relapse risk in clinical settings and might have implications for possible interventions for relapse prevention. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.