Humanities in the Twenty-First Century-猫眼课题宝

二十一世纪的人文学科

DOI：

10.1057/9781137361356_2

发表时间：

2013

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作者：

Belfiore E

经济困难时期对于艺术和人文学科来说总是特别困难，在学术界内外，因为正是在公共资金紧缩和收缩的时期，“人文学科价值”的尖锐问题抬起了丑陋的头，要求至少强有力的参与，如果不是能够一劳永逸地满足的最终解决方案，那些把艺术和人文教育看作是在经济紧缩时期应该放弃的自我放纵的装饰的人。习惯于被要求证明他们在课程中的存在和他们对公共财政的要求，艺术和人文学者和从业者在这些时候通常有被围攻的感觉，低估，误解，甚至“在火下”（Pinxten 2011）。考虑到经济衰退和金融危机明显的周期性，以及通常伴随而来的资金削减和激烈的政策改革，也许并不令人惊讶的是，如此多的关于人文学科状况的古代和当代文学作品中充满了厄运和悲观的生动修辞。对这一领域的简要回顾产生了预期的结果，即使由于篇幅的原因，我们对战后时代的回顾受到限制。1964年，英国历史学家JH·普拉姆（JH Plumb）编辑了一本名为《人文学科的危机》（Crisis in the Humanities）的散文集，很好地展示了这一场景，并让人领略了即将到来的一切。自20世纪60年代以来的几十年里，西方对人文学科的公信力丧失和负面形象的焦虑一直在不断增长，许多学者最近一直在反思人文学科面临的“危险”（Menand 2005）和他们所感知的“无用”（B é rub é 2003）。他们一直在思考

Times of financial hardship are always especially difficult for the arts and humanities, within academia and outside, for it is in periods of austerity and contraction in public funding that the spiky question of the ‘value of the humanities’ raises its ugly head, demanding at least robust engagement, if not a final resolution capable of satisfying, once and for all, those who see arts and humanities education as self-indulgent frills to be forgone in times of financial restraint. Being accustomed to be called upon to justify their existence in the curriculum and their claims on the public purse, arts and humanities scholars and practitioners at these times usually have feelings of being beleaguered, undervalued, and misunderstood, or even ‘under fire’(Pinxten 2011). Considering the apparent cyclical nature of recessions and financial crises–and the funding cuts and drastic policy reforms that usually accompany them–it should perhaps not be surprising that a lively rhetoric of doom and gloom should run through so much of both older and contemporary literature on the state of the humanities. A brief review of the field yields the expected results, even when restricting, for reasons of space, our backward glance to the postwar era. The collection of essays edited by English historian JH Plumb in 1964 with the title Crisis in the Humanities sets the scene nicely, and gives a taste of what is to come. In the decades since the 1960s, anxiety over the perceived loss of credibility and the negative image of the humanities has been growing consistently in the West, and numerous scholars have recently been reflecting on the ‘dangers’ facing the humanities (Menand 2005) and their perceived ‘uselessness’(B é rub é 2003). They have been pondering ‘the fate of the

Humanities in the Twenty-First Century

二十一世纪的人文学科

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