Motivational individual reaction norms underlying the Five-Factor model of personality: First steps towards a theory-based conceptual framework
Motivational individual reaction norms underlying the Five-Factor model of personality: First steps towards a theory-based conceptual framework
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jrp.2008.04.002
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发表时间：
2008-10-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Penke, Lars
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Denissen, Jaap J. A.;Penke, Lars
尽管五因素模型（FFM）很受欢迎，但它被批评为描述性太强，无法提供人格的理论模型。目前的文章概念化的FFM作为稳定的个体差异，人们的动机反应，以限制类的环境刺激。具体来说，外倾性被定义为个体在社会情境中奖赏系统激活的差异，宜人性被定义为个体在合作动机上的差异（与自私行为）在资源冲突中，在分散注意力的情况下追求目标的坚韧性的差异，神经质在面对社会排斥的线索时，惩罚系统的激活差异，和经验开放性作为参与认知活动时奖励系统激活的差异。我们设计了一个问卷，是符合这些动机的概念化。结果表明，该问卷在内容上不同于已建立的实况调查问卷，但它并不影响实况调查的因素效度、结构效度和预测效度。由此产生的理论框架可能有助于弥合人格心理学中结构导向和过程导向方法之间的传统鸿沟。(C)2008年爱思唯尔公司All rights reserved.
In spite of its popularity, the Five-Factor Model (FFM) has been criticized for being too descriptive to provide a theoretical model of personality. The current article conceptualizes the FFM as stable individual differences in people's motivational reactions to circumscribed classes of environmental stimuli. Specifically, extraversion was conceptualized as individual differences in the activation of reward system in social situations, agreeableness as differences in the motivation to cooperate (vs. acting selfishly) in resource conflicts, conscientiousness as differences in the tenacity of goal pursuit under distracting circumstances, neuroticism as differences in the activation of the punishment system when faced with cues of social exclusion, and openness for experiences as differences in the activation of reward system when engaging in cognitive activity. We devised a questionnaire that is consistent with these motivational conceptualizations. This questionnaire turned out to differ from an established FFM questionnaire in terms of content but it did not interfere with the factorial, structural, and predictive validity of the FFM. The resulting theoretical framework may help to bridge the traditional divide between structure- and process-oriented approaches in personality psychology. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.