Cities and regions in Britain through hierarchical percolation.
Cities and regions in Britain through hierarchical percolation.
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DOI：
10.1098/rsos.150691
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发表时间：
2016-04
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Batty M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Arcaute E;Molinero C;Hatna E;Murcio R;Vargas-Ruiz C;Masucci AP;Batty M
城市系统在许多不同尺度上呈现等级结构。这些被视为行政区域划界，是复杂的地理、政治和历史进程的结果，在街道网络等基础设施上留下了几乎不可磨灭的足迹。在这项工作中，我们发现了一组层次结构在英国在不同的尺度上使用渗透理论的街道网络和交叉口的主要点的相互作用和城市群。在更大的尺度上，观察到的等级结构可以被解释为英国的区域断裂，以各种形式观察到，从自然边界，如国家公园，到基于社会阶级和财富的区域划分，如众所周知的南北划分。在较小的尺度上，城市是通过对每个新兴区域集群的递归式扩展而产生的。我们研究作为一个整体的系统的形态的演变，通过测量的分形维数的集群在每个距离阈值的渗流。我们观察到，这在特定距离处达到最大平台。在这个距离阈值定义的聚类与从卫星图像中恢复的城市边界以及以前使用人口密度的方法具有很好的对应关系。
Urban systems present hierarchical structures at many different scales. These are observed as administrative regional delimitations which are the outcome of complex geographical, political and historical processes which leave almost indelible footprints on infrastructure such as the street network. In this work, we uncover a set of hierarchies in Britain at different scales using percolation theory on the street network and on its intersections which are the primary points of interaction and urban agglomeration. At the larger scales, the observed hierarchical structures can be interpreted as regional fractures of Britain, observed in various forms, from natural boundaries, such as National Parks, to regional divisions based on social class and wealth such as the well-known North–South divide. At smaller scales, cities are generated through recursive percolations on each of the emerging regional clusters. We examine the evolution of the morphology of the system as a whole, by measuring the fractal dimension of the clusters at each distance threshold in the percolation. We observe that this reaches a maximum plateau at a specific distance. The clusters defined at this distance threshold are in excellent correspondence with the boundaries of cities recovered from satellite images, and from previous methods using population density.