The Burden of Power: Construing Power as Responsibility (Rather Than as Opportunity) Alters Threat-Challenge Responses
The Burden of Power: Construing Power as Responsibility (Rather Than as Opportunity) Alters Threat-Challenge Responses
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DOI：
10.1177/0146167218757452
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发表时间：
2018-03
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Annika Scholl;Frank R C de Wit;N. Ellemers;Adam K. Fetterman;K. Sassenberg;D. Scheepers
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Annika Scholl;Frank R C de Wit;N. Ellemers;Adam K. Fetterman;K. Sassenberg;D. Scheepers
权力通常会降低压力反应。在有压力的情况下，拥有高能量(与低能量相比)会增加挑战，降低威胁。然而，当意识到随之而来的责任时，即使是掌权者也可能会感受到威胁。掌权者可以把一个高权力职位主要理解为“让事情发生”的机会或“照顾事情”的责任。将权力视为责任(而不是机会)的掌权者可能更有可能体验到要求--比如在他们控制下做出重要决定--超过了他们的资源，从而导致更少的挑战和更多的威胁。主观和心血管威胁-挑战指标的四个实验支持这一点。超越了之前关于导致压力的结构方面(例如，权力不稳定)的工作，我们展示了仅仅是权力持有者如何解释他们的权力的方式就可以引起压力。具体地说，我们发现，被理解为责任(与机会)的权力更有可能意味着权力持有者的“负担”。
Power usually lowers stress responses. In stressful situations, having high (vs. low) power heightens challenge and lowers threat. Yet, even power-holders may experience threat when becoming aware of the responsibility that accompanies their power. Power-holders can construe (i.e., understand) a high-power position primarily as opportunity to “make things happen” or as responsibility to “take care of things.” Power-holders construing power as responsibility (rather than opportunity) may be more likely to experience demands—such as taking care of important decisions under their control—as outweighing their resources, resulting in less challenge and more threat. Four experiments with subjective and cardiovascular threat-challenge indicators support this. Going beyond prior work on structural aspects (e.g., power instability) that induce stress, we show that merely the way how power-holders construe their power can evoke stress. Specifically, we find that power construed as responsibility (vs. opportunity) is more likely to imply a “burden” for the power-holder.