Biochemical and physical correlates of DNA contamination in archaeological human bones and teeth excavated at Matera, Italy
Biochemical and physical correlates of DNA contamination in archaeological human bones and teeth excavated at Matera, Italy
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DOI：
10.1016/j.jas.2004.12.008
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发表时间：
2005-05-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Collins, MJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gilbert, MTP;Rudbeck, L;Collins, MJ
大多数对人类标本的古代DNA研究都利用牙齿和骨骼作为遗传物质的来源。在这项研究中，评估了从意大利马特拉圣卢西亚阿勒马尔韦公墓采集的人的骨骼和牙齿样本中的内源性污染水平(即在采样进行DNA分析之前存在于样本中)。这个遗址特别有意义，因为这些样本已经过生化和物理保存措施的检测，而且它是在一项对来自欧洲43个地点的107多块动物和154块人类骨骼进行的研究中唯一发现的，在那里，有相当数量的人类骨骼保存完好。研究结果证明了几个重要的问题：(A)虽然牙齿比骨骼更耐受污染，但两者都很容易受到污染(可能是通过搬运或清洗)，以及(B)一旦以这种方式受到污染，两者都很难(如果不是不可能)去污。此外，尽管对骨骼样本进行了评估，但描述总体样本保存、微生物侵袭程度和样本孔隙率相关增加的几个具体生化和物理特征与个别样本的骨骼和牙齿样本中是否存在可观察到的污染直接相关。虽然我们只能推测这种关系的原因，但我们假设它们为评估样本是否可能受到污染提供了有用的指导。(C)2005爱思唯尔有限公司。保留所有权利。
The majority of ancient DNA studies on human specimens have utilised teeth and bone as a source of genetic material. In this study the levels of endogenous contamination (i.e. present within the sample prior to sampling for the DNA analysis) are assessed within human bone and teeth specimens sampled from the cemetery of Santa Lucia alle Malve, Matera, Italy. This site is of exceptional interest, because the samples have been assayed for IS measures of biochemical and physical preservation, and it is the only one identified in a study of more than 107 animal and 154 human bones from 43 sites across Europe, where a significant number of human bones was well preserved. The findings demonstrate several important issues: (a) although teeth are more resilient to contamination than bone, both are readily contaminated (presumably through handling or washing), and (b) once contaminated in this way, both are difficult (if not impossible) to decontaminate. Furthermore, although assessed on bone samples, several of the specific biochemical and physical characteristics that describe overall sample preservation, levels of microbial attack and related increases in sample porosity directly correlate with the presence of observable contamination in both bone and teeth samples from individual samples. While we can only speculate on the cause of this relationship, we posit that they provide useful guides for the assessment of whether samples are likely to be contaminated or not. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.