Critical behaviour in charging of electric vehicles
Critical behaviour in charging of electric vehicles
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DOI：
10.1088/1367-2630/17/9/095001
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发表时间：
2015-09-02
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Kelly, Frank
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Carvalho, Rui;Buzna, Lubos;Kelly, Frank
未来几十年，电动汽车的渗透率不断提高，加上升级当地配电网络的高成本和消费者对家庭充电的需求，这表明管理低压网络的拥堵将成为电动汽车革命和交通运输中摆脱化石燃料的关键组成部分。在这里，我们模拟的最大流量和比例公平协议的控制造成的拥堵的车队在两个现实世界的分销网络的车辆收费。我们表明，该系统经历了一个连续的相变到一个拥挤的状态作为一个函数的速度的车辆插入到网络充电。我们重点关注的序参量及其波动接近相变，并表明临界点取决于拥塞协议的选择。最后，我们分析了不平等的收费时间的车辆到达率的增加，并表明，收费时间是相当多的比例公平比最大流更公平。
The increasing penetration of electric vehicles over the coming decades, taken together with the high cost to upgrade local distribution networks and consumer demand for home charging, suggest that managing congestion on low voltage networks will be a crucial component of the electric vehicle revolution and the move away from fossil fuels in transportation. Here, we model the max-flow and proportional fairness protocols for the control of congestion caused by a fleet of vehicles charging on two real-world distribution networks. We show that the system undergoes a continuous phase transition to a congested state as a function of the rate of vehicles plugging to the network to charge. We focus on the order parameter and its fluctuations close to the phase transition, and show that the critical point depends on the choice of congestion protocol. Finally, we analyse the inequality in the charging times as the vehicle arrival rate increases, and show that charging times are considerably more equitable in proportional fairness than in max-flow.