Benefits of Water Safety Plans: Microbiology, Compliance, and Public Health
Benefits of Water Safety Plans: Microbiology, Compliance, and Public Health
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DOI：
10.1021/es300372h
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发表时间：
2012-07-17
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Bartram, Jamie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gunnarsdottir, Maria J.;Gardarsson, Sigurdur M.;Bartram, Jamie
水安全计划（WSP）的方法旨在加强饮用水供应的安全，自2004年以来一直由世界卫生组织推荐。WSPs现在在世界范围内使用，并且在一些国家有法律要求。然而，现有的系统证据有限，表明WSPs对水质和健康的有效性。冰岛是最早立法使用WSP的国家之一，能够对WSP影响的十多年数据进行分析。目的是确定WSP的实施对法规遵守、微生物水质和腹泻临床病例发生率的影响。收集水质和腹泻监测数据并进行分析。结果显示，在实施WSP后，代表供水系统微生物生长的HPC（异养平板计数）在统计上显著下降，样品中HPC超过10 cfu / mL的事件减少，不合规也显著减少（两种情况下p < 0.001）。腹泻发生率显著降低。此外，结果表明，实施WSP的人群发生腹泻临床病例的可能性降低了14%。
The Water Safety Plan (WSP) methodology, which aims to enhance safety of drinking water supplies, has been recommended by the World Health Organization since 2004. WSPs are now used worldwide and are legally required in several countries. However, there is limited systematic evidence available demonstrating the effectiveness of WSPs on water quality and health. Iceland was one of the first countries to legislate the use of WSPs, enabling the analysis of more than a decade of data on impact of WSP. The objective was to determine the impact of WSP implementation on regulatory compliance, microbiological water quality, and incidence of clinical cases of diarrhea. Surveillance data on water quality and diarrhea were collected and analyzed. The results show that HPC (heterotrophic plate counts), representing microbiological growth in the water supply system, decreased statistically significant with fewer incidents of HPC exceeding 10 cfu per mL in samples following WSP implementation and noncompliance was also significantly reduced (p < 0.001 in both cases). A significant decrease in incidence of diarrhea. was detected where a MP was implemented, and, furthermore, the results indicate that population where WSP has been implemented is 14% less likely to develop clinical cases of diarrhea.