THE GENETICS OF AGING IN THE YEAST SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE
THE GENETICS OF AGING IN THE YEAST SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE
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DOI：
10.1007/bf01435986
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发表时间：
1993-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
JAZWINSKI, SM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
JAZWINSKI, SM
酿酒酵母具有有限的寿命，在许多属性和含义上与高等真核生物相似。在这里，寿命的衡量标准是酵母细胞经历的世代或分裂的数量。酵母细胞就是生物体，简化了衰老研究的许多方面。最重要的是，酵母的遗传学非常发达，很容易应用于长寿的解剖。已经确定了两个候选长寿基因，并正在对其进行表征。其他的将通过利用酵母中与老化相关的初级表型和次级表型来进行。本文从衰老的进化生物学出发，提出了一种长寿的个体发生学说。这一理论的基础是细胞和生物的不对称繁殖，并对长寿和衰老的遗传学、分子机制和表型特征做出了具体预测，包括：GTP结合蛋白将经常参与决定长寿的蛋白质，细胞不对称分裂将在胚胎发生期间经常遇到，而二次分裂将更具体细胞分裂的特征，起源于体细胞的肿瘤细胞将不是全能的，对称繁殖的生物将不会对其寿命产生内在的限制。
The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae possesses a finite life span similar in many attributes and implications to that of higher eukaryotes. Here, the measure of the life span is the number of generations or divisions the yeast cell has undergone. The yeast cell is the organism, simplifying many aspects of aging research. Most importantly, the genetics of yeast is highly-developed and readily applicable to the dissection of longevity. Two candidate longevity genes have already been identified and are being characterized. Others will follow through the utilization of both the primary phenotype and the secondary phenotypes associated with aging in yeast. An ontogenetic theory of longevity that follows from the evolutionary biology of aging is put forward in this article. This theory has at its foundation the asymmetric reproduction of cells and organisms, and it makes specific predictions regarding the genetics, molecular mechanisms, and phenotypic features of longevity and senescence, including these: GTP-binding proteins will frequently be involved in determining longevity, asymmetric cell division will be often encountered during embryogenesis while binary fission will be more characteristic of somatic cell division, tumor cells of somatic origin will not be totipotent, and organisms that reproduce symmetrically will not have intrinsic limits to their longevity.