Cannabis use and childhood trauma interact additively to increase the risk of psychotic symptoms in adolescence
Cannabis use and childhood trauma interact additively to increase the risk of psychotic symptoms in adolescence
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DOI：
10.1017/s0033291709991966
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发表时间：
2010-10-01
影响因子：
6.9
通讯作者：
Cannon, M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Harley, M.;Kelleher, I.;Cannon, M.
背景许多研究表明，青少年使用大麻会增加日后患精神病的风险。童年创伤与药物滥用和精神病风险有关。在这项研究中，我们的目的是调查是否有一个显着的大麻使用和童年创伤之间的相互作用，在增加的风险，经历精神病症状在吸毒。精神病学的采访，使用时间表情感障碍和精神分裂症学龄儿童（K-SADS）半结构化的工具进行了211名青少年年龄在12岁至15岁之间，他们的父母作为一个人口为基础的研究的一部分。访谈询问了早期创伤事件、大麻使用和精神症状。在单独的分析中，大麻使用和儿童创伤与经历精神病症状的风险显着相关。然而，儿童期创伤和早期大麻使用的存在显着增加了精神病症状的风险超过了单独的风险因素，表明儿童期创伤和大麻使用之间存在大于相加的相互作用。我们发现，儿童期创伤和大麻使用之间的相互作用大于相加作用，这可能对识别患有精神病症状的高风险个体有影响。例如，采取措施积极劝阻或集中治疗有滥用经历的儿童和青少年使用大麻，可能有助于防止这一脆弱群体患上精神病。我们的研究结果需要在更大的样本中进行复制，以确认这种相互作用效应。
Background. Adolescent cannabis use has been shown in many studies to increase the risk of later psychosis. Childhood trauma is associated with both substance misuse and risk for psychosis. In this study our aim was to investigate whether there is a significant interaction between cannabis use and childhood trauma in increasing the risk for experiencing psychotic symptoms during adolescence.Method. Psychiatric interviews using the Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children (K-SADS) semi-structured instrument were carried out with 211 adolescents aged between 12 and 15 years and their parents as part of a population-based study. The interview enquired about early traumatic events, cannabis use and psychiatric symptoms in adolescence.Results. In separate analyses both cannabis use and childhood trauma were significantly associated with risk of experiencing psychotic symptoms. However, the presence of both childhood trauma and early cannabis use significantly increased the risk for psychotic symptoms beyond the risk posed by either risk factor alone, indicating that there was a greater than additive interaction between childhood trauma and cannabis use.Conclusion. Our finding of a greater than additive interaction between childhood trauma and cannabis use may have implications for the identification of individuals at high risk of experiencing psychotic symptoms. For example, measures to actively discourage or intensively treat cannabis use in children and adolescents who have experienced abuse may help to prevent the development of psychosis in this vulnerable group. Our findings require replication in larger samples to confirm this interaction effect.