Nalbuphine hydrochloride dependence in anabolic steroid users.
Nalbuphine hydrochloride dependence in anabolic steroid users.
复制标题
合成代谢类固醇使用者对盐酸纳布啡的依赖。
DOI：
10.1080/105504999305965
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发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Lukas,SE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
WinesJr,JD;Gruber,AJ;PopeJr,HG;Lukas,SE
盐酸纳布啡是一种非预定阿片类激动剂/拮抗剂镇痛剂，目前已获批用于治疗疼痛。最近，据报道，在英国的三个合成代谢类固醇用户纳布啡依赖。为了进一步证明这一现象，我们对11名报告使用纳布啡的受试者进行了采访。8名受试者在临床上依赖纳布啡，7名被问及纳布啡耐受性和戒断的受试者承认有这些症状。8名以前从未静脉注射过药物的受试者报告通过这种途径使用纳布啡。纳布啡相关的发病率是广泛的，包括医疗并发症和精神症状。纳布啡使用者还表现出高比率的共病轴I障碍，包括其他物质滥用。几乎所有的受试者都描述了他们经常光顾的健身房中广泛使用纳布啡的情况。这些观察结果，以及最近在非专业新闻界增加的纳布啡相关文章，表明纳布啡可能代表运动员中滥用的一种新药物，特别是那些使用合成代谢类固醇的运动员，纳布啡的调度状态可能需要重新评估。(Am J Addict 1999; 8：161-164）
Nalbuphine hydrochloride, a nonscheduled opioid agonist/antagonist analgesic, is currently approved for the treatment of pain. Recently, nalbuphine dependence was reported in three anabolic steroid users in Britain. To further document this phenomenon, we conducted interviews on eleven subjects who reported nalbuphine use. Eight subjects were clinically dependent on nalbuphine, and seven of the subjects who were asked about tolerance and withdrawal with nalbuphine acknowledged these symptoms. Eight subjects, who had never used drugs intravenously before, reported using nalbuphine by this route. Nalbuphine-related morbidity was extensive and included medical complications and psychiatric symptoms. Nalbuphine users also exhibited a high rate of comorbid Axis I disorders, including other substance misuse. Virtually all subjects described widespread nalbuphine use in the gymnasiums they frequented. These observations, together with the recent increase in nalbuphine-related articles in the lay press, suggest that nalbuphine may represent a new drug of abuse among athletes, especially those using anabolic steroids, and that nalbuphine's scheduling status may need to be re-evaluated. (Am J Addict 1999; 8:161-164)