Double-layer and pseudocapacitance types of electrochemical capacitors and their applications to the development of hybrid devices
Double-layer and pseudocapacitance types of electrochemical capacitors and their applications to the development of hybrid devices
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DOI：
10.1007/s10008-003-0395-7
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发表时间：
2003-09-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Pell, WG
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Conway, BE;Pell, WG
探讨了电化学电容器（所谓的超级电容器）在可充电电池和燃料电池的混合发电中的互补使用的基础。电化学电容器有两种类型：一种是高比表面积碳材料的界面双层电容是电荷存储（作为离子和电子）的基础;另一种是赝电容，与高面积电极材料（例如RuO 2）或导电聚合物的电吸附和表面氧化还原过程相关，提供电荷存储的基础。前一种类型的电容，即双层电容，以非法拉第方式存储电荷，而后一种类型的电容，即赝电容，通过法拉第化学过程间接存储电荷，但其电行为类似于电容器。两种类型的混合电池/电容器系统是公认的：一种是基于电化学电容器电池与可再充电电池或燃料电池在负载均衡功能中的组合，例如在电动车辆动力系中;另一种是基于法拉第电池型电极与双电极混合模块中的电容性电极（称为非对称电容器）内部耦合的组合。这种系统的操作优化的有效质量的平衡，功率和电荷密度，和选择的最大但有限的放电状态，被处理。
The basis of the complementary use of electrochemical capacitors (so-called supercapacitors) in hybrid electric power generation by rechargeable batteries and fuel cells is explored. Electrochemical capacitors are of two types: one where the interfacial double-layer capacitance of high specific area carbon materials is the basis of electric charge storage (as ions and electrons); and the other where pseudocapacitance, associated with electrosorption and surface redox processes at high-area electrode materials, e.g. RuO2, or at conducting polymers, provides the basis of charge storage. The former, double-layer, type of capacitance stores charge non-faradaically while the latter type, pseudocapacitance, stores charge indirectly through faradaic chemical processes but its electrical behaviour is like that of a capacitor. Two types of hybrid battery/capacitor system are recognized: one based on combination of an electrochemical capacitor cell with a rechargeable battery or a fuel cell in a load-leveling function, e.g. in an electric vehicle power train; and the other based on combination of a faradaic battery-type electrode coupled internally with a capacitative electrode in a two-electrode hybrid module (termed an asymmetric capacitor). Optimization of operation of such systems in terms of balancing of active masses, of power and charge densities, and choice of maximum but limited states-of-discharge, is treated.