NK cells: natural born killers in the conflict between humans and HCV.
NK cells: natural born killers in the conflict between humans and HCV.
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NK细胞：人类与HCV冲突中的天然杀手。
DOI：
10.1002/hep.21127
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发表时间：
2006
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Koziel,MargaretJames
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Koziel,MargaretJames
全世界的肝细胞癌。急性感染后，大多数（50%-85%）健康成人将发展为持续性病毒血症。急性病毒感染的有效清除通常需要免疫系统的多个分支的协调功能，包括先天性免疫系统（干扰素（IFN）、自然杀伤（NK）和自然杀伤T（NKT）细胞），以及对给定病原体特异性的适应性或获得性免疫应答（CD 4+和CD 8 + T细胞）。许多研究已经检查了内源性IFN系统的失败，以及由于HCV中的逃避或耗尽而导致的适应性T细胞的失败（在Bowen和Walker 1以及Gale和Foy 2中综述）。为了理解免疫应答的这种早期次优发展，已经越来越多地关注先天免疫系统的组分，包括NK细胞。NK细胞在针对外源抗原的早期效应子功能中起重要作用，并且在随后的适应性免疫应答的激活和维持中起重要作用，其主要作用是快速产生大量细胞因子的能力。当被激活时，NK细胞能够启动涉及细胞毒性和细胞因子（如IFN）分泌的应答，这可能具有直接的抗病毒作用以及用于招募参与宿主防御的其他细胞类型。NK细胞可以在适应性T细胞的分化以及其随后的增殖中发挥作用。3 NK细胞在防御病毒感染4以及肿瘤监测中起重要作用。5
hepatocellular carcinoma worldwide. Following acute infection a majority (50%-85%) of healthy adults will develop persistent viremia. Effective clearance of an acute viral infection typically requires the coordinated function of multiple arms of the immune system, including the innate immune system (interferons (IFN), natural killer (NK) and natural killer T (NKT) cells), as well as the adaptive or acquired immune response specific to a given pathogen (CD4+ and CD8+ T cells). Numerous studies have examined the failure of both endogenous IFN system, as well as failure of adaptive T cells due to evasion or exhaustion in HCV (reviewed in Bowen and Walker1 and Gale and Foy2) In order to understand this early suboptimal development of the immune response, increasing attention has been paid to components of the innate immune system, including NK cells. NK cells constitute an important role in early effector function against foreign antigens and play an important role in the activation and maintenance of subsequent adaptive immune responses, with their primary role being the ability to rapidly produce large amounts of cytokines. When activated, NK cells are able to initiate a response that involves both cellular cytotoxicity and secretion of cytokines such as IFN, which may have direct antiviral effects as well as serve to recruit other cell types involved in host defenses. NK cells may play a role in both the differentiation of adaptive T cells as well as their subsequent proliferation. 3 NK cells play important roles in the defense against viral infection, 4 as well as in tumor surveillance. 5