New Carboniferous fossils of Spilapteridae enlighten postembryonic wing development in Palaeodictyoptera
New Carboniferous fossils of Spilapteridae enlighten postembryonic wing development in Palaeodictyoptera
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DOI：
10.1111/syen.12148
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发表时间：
2016-01-01
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Hoernschemeyer, Thomas
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Prokop, Jakub;Nel, Andre;Hoernschemeyer, Thomas
古网翅目若虫一新属- n.（Spilapteridae）和一新的成年标本Homaloneura cf. dabasinskasi Carpenter描述于Mazon Creek（IL，U.S.A.）的Pennsylvania（Moscovian）铁矿结核。这两个分类群共享扩大的前胸叶（一些解释为小翼），heteronomous meso和metathoric翅垫或翅膀，一个细长的腹部与尖lateroterites，和一个独特的划分腹节由两个横向沟。另一种假设的位置Bizarrea内Homoiopteridae被认为是根据其庞大的身体尺寸和相对较短的翼垫。根据新材料的形态特征，对古网翅目翅垫的胚后发育进行了重新认识。腹部节的详细调查，包括扫描电子显微镜检查，揭示了存在的近圆形，硬化结构部分覆盖在若虫laterotergites I-VII-VIII的基础上。根据它们的位置和形状，这些结构被解释为腹部气门，因此这些未成熟的陆生或半水生栖息地被假设。此外，我们发现相同的，据说同源结构的神秘Vogesonymphidae（Permoplectoptera），从中三叠世的Grss Voltzia在法国，是平行共存的祖先陆地和派生的水生谱系蜉蝣目（蜉蝣目）在中生代早期生态系统的证据。
A new palaeodictyopterid nymph Bizarrea obscura gen. n.etsp. n. (Spilapteridae) and a new adult specimen of Homaloneura cf. dabasinskasi Carpenter are described from the Pennsylvanian (Moscovian) ironstone nodules of Mazon Creek (IL, U.S.A.). Both taxa share enlarged prothoracic lobes (interpreted by some as winglets), heteronomous meso- and metathoracic wing pads or wings, a slender abdomen with pointed laterotergites, and a unique division of the abdominal segments by two transverse sulci. An alternative hypothesis for the placement of Bizarrea within Homoiopteridae is considered on the basis of its large body size and relatively short wing pads. Based on the morphology of the new material, postembryonic development of wing pads in Palaeodictyoptera (Palaeodictyopterida) is reconsidered. Detailed investigation of the abdominal segments, including examination by scanning electron microscopy, reveals the presence of subcircular, sclerotized structures partially covered at the bases of the nymphal laterotergites I- VII VIII. Based on their position and shape, these structures are interpreted as abdominal spiracles, and thus a terrestrial or semiaquatic habitat for these immatures is hypothesized. Moreover, our discovery of the same, supposedly homologous structures in the enigmatic Vogesonymphidae (Permoplectoptera), from the Middle Triassic of Grss Voltzia in France, is evidence for the parallel coexistence of ancestrally terrestrial and derived aquatic lineages of Ephemerida (Ephemeropterida) in early Mesozoic ecosystems.