THE ROAD SYSTEM OF MEDIEVAL ENGLAND.
THE ROAD SYSTEM OF MEDIEVAL ENGLAND.
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中世纪英格兰的道路系统。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1468-0289.1936.tb00905.x
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发表时间：
1936
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
F. Stenton
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
F. Stenton
关于罗马不列颠的道路系统的说法当然是正确的。虽然其中的许多细节仍然模糊不清，但毫无疑问，帝国政府已经从整体上考虑到了省级交通的问题。创建了一系列人造道路，除了少数例外，南部和东部以伦敦为中心辐射，北部和西部则参照该省安全所依赖的军事基地进行规划。罗马对英国的统治结束十二个半世纪后，对英国道路的第一次现代调查揭示了一个交通线路网络，它再次可以被称为一个系统。约翰·奥吉尔比 (John Ogilby) 在 1675 年为他的《不列颠尼亚》添加的地图显示了一系列道路，从伦敦连续不断地辐射到王国的各个地区。在南部和中部地区，这些径向线每隔一段相当长的时间就会被十字路口相交，而在北部则更少，但对奥吉尔比来说，很明显，伦敦是英格兰几乎所有主要道路汇聚的焦点。奥吉尔比所描绘的体系轮廓可以追溯到十六世纪。例如，Hollinshed 描述了连接伦敦与小沃尔辛厄姆、伯威克、卡那封的一系列道路，1 伦敦大学克赖顿讲座第 193 期 5-6。该讲座试图表明中世纪英国道路系统存在的证据，但无论如何，它不应被视为对中世纪英国道路的一般调查。它的印刷基本与原样一致，并添加了参考文献和一些细节点的注释。对于公共记录办公室未公开账目的参考，我要感谢公共记录副管理员 AE Stamp, CB 先生。
T is certainly correct to speak of the road-system of Roman Britain. Much of its detail is still obscure, but there can be no question that the imperial government had envisaged the problem of provincial communications as a whole; creating a series of a-rtificial roads which in the south and east, with few exceptions, radiated from London, and in the north and west were planned with reference to the military bases on which the security of the province depended. Twelve and a half centuries after the end of Roman rule in Britain, the first modern survey of English roads revealed a network of lines of communication which, again, can fairly be called a system. The map which John Ogilby prefixed to his Britannia in i675 shows a series of roads radiating in continuous lines from London to every part of the kingdom. At considerable intervals in the south and midlands, and with still less frequency in the north, these radial lines are intersected by cross-roads, but it is clear that to Ogilby, London was the focal point on which nearly all the greater roads of England converged. The outlines of the system drawn by Ogilby can be traced far back into the sixteenth century. Hollinshed, for instance, describes a series of roads connecting London with Little Walsingham, Berwick, Carnarvon, 1 The Creighton Lecture in the University of London for the session 193 5-6. The lecture represents an attempt to indicate the evidence for the existence of a road-system in England during the Middle Ages, and it should not be regarded as in any sense a general survey of medieval English roads. It is printed substantially as it was given, with the addition of references and some notes on points of detail. For the references to unpublished accounts in the Public Record Office, I am indebted to Mr. AE Stamp, CB, Deputy Keeper of the Public Records.