Immediate and long-term assistance following the bombing of the US Embassies in Kenya and Tanzania
Immediate and long-term assistance following the bombing of the US Embassies in Kenya and Tanzania
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7717.2007.01017.x
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发表时间：
2007-12-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Burnham, Gilbert
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Abdallah, Saade;Heinzen, Rebekah;Burnham, Gilbert
1998年8月7日，卡车炸弹摧毁了美国驻肯尼亚和坦桑尼亚大使馆。(I)这两个国家的应对措施的特点是缺乏事故指挥，院前护理有限，医院反应混乱，缺乏对受伤人员的运输。在接下来的五年里，美国国际开发署（美援署）提供了5 000万美元，以减轻两国由此造成的痛苦，支持重建和加强备灾能力。这两个方案提高了对灾害管理问题的认识，提高了培训能力，建立了应急结构，并提供了物质资源。其设计和执行为发展中国家今后的灾害提供了经验教训。援助方案的演变情况大不相同。肯尼亚的方案基本上排除了公共部门和政府协调的可能性，而坦桑尼亚的方案则主要集中在中央政府和区域医院结构上，基本上忽略了非政府或民间社会部门。将主要利益攸关方排除在外会引起对方案可持续性和有效应对未来紧急情况的能力的关切。
On 7 August 1998 truck bombs destroyed the US Embassies in Kenya and Tanzania.(I) The response in both countries was characterised by an absence of incident command, limited pre-hospital care, a disorganised hospital response and a lack of transportation for those injured. In the next five years USD 50 million was provided by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to alleviate the resulting suffering, support reconstruction and strengthen disaster preparedness capacity in the two countries. These two programmes have enhanced awareness of disaster management issues, improved training capacity, built response structures and provided material resources. Their design and implementation provide lessons for future disasters in developing countries. The assistance programmes evolved very differently. In Kenya the programme largely excluded the public sector and the potential for government coordination, while the Tanzanian programme concentrated heavily on central government and regional hospital structures - largely omitting the non-governmental or civil society sector. Excluding key stakeholders raises concerns about programme sustainability and the ability to respond effectively to future emergencies.