Detecting diversification rates in relation to preservation and tectonic history from simulated fossil records
Detecting diversification rates in relation to preservation and tectonic history from simulated fossil records
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从模拟化石记录中检测与保存和构造历史相关的多样化率
DOI：
10.1017/pab.2017.28
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
2.7
通讯作者：
Smiley, Tara M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Smiley, Tara M.
对于今天的哺乳动物来说，山脉是全球多样的生态系统，但物种丰富度和地形复杂性之间的密切关系并不是化石记录的持久特征。根据化石发生的数据，多样性和多样化率在北美西部山区随时间而变化，在全球变暖和区域构造活动加剧的间隔18至14马显着增加。然而，我们从化石记录中可靠地推断起源和灭绝速率的能力受到保存历史变化的影响。为了研究保护对多样化率估计的影响，我模拟了四种替代多样化假设和六种保护方案下的化石记录。多样性假说包括构造控制的物种形成脉冲，而保护情景则基于共同趋势（例如，不断增加的岩石记录）或来自化石和大陆岩石记录。对于每种情况下，我估计起源，灭绝和多样化率使用三种标准方法-人均，三定时器，捕获标记再捕获（CMR）度量，并评估模拟化石记录的能力，以准确地恢复潜在的多样化动态。尽管变量和低保存概率，模拟化石记录保留了真实利率的信号在几个场景。这三个指标并没有表现出类似的行为在每一个保存的情况下：虽然三定时器和CMR指标产生更准确的利率估计，人均利率往往更好地再现真实的变化，在发起利率。当高挥发性保存影响模拟记录时，所有指标都受到起源和灭绝率的虚假峰值的影响。从这些模拟的结果表明，在中新世中期的构造活动的多样化率升高可能是显而易见的化石记录，即使在北美的化石记录保存是可变的。从过去的输入是必要的，以评估潜在的物种形成和灭绝动力学的最终机制。
For mammals today, mountains are diverse ecosystems globally, yet the strong relationship between species richness and topographic complexity is not a persistent feature of the fossil record. Based on fossil-occurrence data, diversity and diversification rates in the intermontane western North America varied through time, increasing significantly during an interval of global warming and regional intensification of tectonic activity from 18 to 14 Ma. However, our ability to infer origination and extinction rates reliably from the fossil record is affected by variation in preservation history. To investigate the influence of preservation on estimates of diversification rates, I simulated fossil records under four alternative diversification hypotheses and six preservation scenarios. Diversification hypotheses included tectonically controlled speciation pulses, while preservation scenarios were based on common trends (e.g., increasing rock record toward the present) or derived from fossil occurrences and the continental rock record. For each scenario, I estimated origination, extinction, and diversification rates using three standard methods—per capita, three-timer, and capture–mark–recapture (CMR) metrics—and evaluated the ability of the simulated fossil records to accurately recover the underlying diversification dynamics. Despite variable and low preservation probabilities, simulated fossil records retained the signal of true rates in several of the scenarios. The three metrics did not exhibit similar behavior under each preservation scenario: while three-timer and CMR metrics produced more accurate rate estimates, per capita rates tended to better reproduce true shifts in origination rates. All metrics suffered from spurious peaks in origination and extinction rates when highly volatile preservation impacted the simulated record. Results from these simulations indicate that elevated diversification rates in relation to tectonic activity during the middle Miocene are likely to be evident in the fossil record, even if preservation in the North American fossil record was variable. Input from the past is necessary to evaluate the ultimate mechanisms underlying speciation and extinction dynamics.
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影响因子：
1.9
作者：
A. Lawson;K. Pollock;J. Nichols;C. Brownie;J. Hines
通讯作者：
A. Lawson;K. Pollock;J. Nichols;C. Brownie;J. Hines
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
M. Zelditch;Jingchun Li;Lucy A. P. Tran;D. L. Swiderski
通讯作者：
M. Zelditch;Jingchun Li;Lucy A. P. Tran;D. L. Swiderski
死者不会说谎：利用骨骼遗骸快速评估历史小型哺乳动物群落基线
DOI：
--
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
影响因子：
--
作者：
R. Terry
通讯作者：
R. Terry
加利福尼亚州巴斯托组的小型哺乳动物化石
DOI：
--
发表时间：
1972
期刊：
影响因子：
--
作者：
E. Lindsay
通讯作者：
E. Lindsay
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
Foote, M;Raup, DM
通讯作者：
Raup, DM