Processes of Localization in Developing Fundulus.
Processes of Localization in Developing Fundulus.
复制标题
眼底发育的本地化过程。
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.21.9.551
复制
发表时间：
1935
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Jane M. Oppenheimer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Jane M. Oppenheimer
局部活体染色已被用于研究发育中的底，以确定，第一，胚胎器官在卵裂卵中的早期定位，第二，形成这些器官的细胞在胚胎中到达其最终位置的运动。所采用的技术与Vogt的技术略有不同。2结果表明，胚胎的长轴不一定与第一或第二卵裂平面重合，因此，卵裂卵中存在的任何镶嵌体与卵裂平面的位置无关。此外，在某些情况下，推测的前脑物质可以追溯到16细胞阶段的一两个中央细胞，部分生殖环可以追溯到同一阶段的边缘细胞的外半部。最后，底的原肠胚形成虽然基本上与两栖动物（Vogt 3）和鳟鱼（Pasteels 4）的原肠胚形成类型相同，但伴随着其他类型未描述的附属过程。在底卵裂完成时，胚盘是一个均匀的细胞帽，覆盖在未卵裂的大卵黄的小表面上。伴随着原肠胚形成或在原肠胚形成之前，胚盘的细胞集中在外围形成胚环，留下一个细胞较少的中心区域。中央区域稍有偏心，因为胚盘加厚的边缘比未来胚轴区域的其他地方宽。在这个局部区域内陷占主导地位，伴随着形成胚胎轴的细胞的集中。这种细胞的聚集是胚盾，一种紧密堆积的细胞板，它与构成胚盘其余部分的胚外膜明显不同。染色实验表明，其衍生物形成大部分神经系统的细胞在胚胎盾早期定位;它们是1935年第21卷第551页
Localized vital staining has been used to study developing Fundulus, in order to ascertain, first, the early localization of embryonic organs in the cleaving egg, and second, the movements by which the cells forming these organs attain their final position in the embryo. The technique employed' varies slightly from that originated by Vogt.2 The results show that the long axis of the embryo does not necessarily coincide with the first or second plane of cleavage, and hence that any mosaic which exists in the cleaving egg is independent of the position of the planes of cleavage. Further, the presumptive forebrain material has in some cases been traced to one or two of the central cells of the sixteen-cell stage, and part of the germ-ring to the outer half of marginal cells of the same stage. Finally, gastrulation in Fundulus, while fundamentally of the same type as in the amphibian (Vogt3) and the trout (Pasteels4), is accompanied by accessory processes not described for the other forms. At the completion of cleavage in Fundulus, the blastoderm is a homogeneous cap of cells covering a small surface of the large uncleaved yolk. Accompanying or preceding the onset of gastrulation, the cells of the blastoderm concentrate at the periphery to form the germ-ring, leaving a central area of fewer cells. The central area is slightly eccentric, since the thickened rim of the blastoderm is wider than elsewhere at the region of the future embryonic axis. At this localized region invagination predominates, accompanied by a concentration of cells which forms the embryonic axis. This accumulation of cells is the embryonic shield, a plate of closely packed cells, which is sharply distinguished from the extra-embryonic membrane constituting the remainder of the blastoderm. The staining experiments show that the cells whose derivatives form most of the nervous system are localized early in the embryonic shield; they VOL. 21, 1935 551