Runoff Efficiency and the Technique of Micro-water Harvesting with Ridges and Furrows, for Potato Production in Semi-arid Areas
Runoff Efficiency and the Technique of Micro-water Harvesting with Ridges and Furrows, for Potato Production in Semi-arid Areas
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DOI：
10.1007/s11269-007-9235-3
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发表时间：
2008-10
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Qi Wang;E. Zhang;Fengmin Li;Feng-rui Li
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Qi Wang;E. Zhang;Fengmin Li;Feng-rui Li
于2002年和2003年连续两年对中国干旱半干旱区垄沟微集水系统的径流效率及不同垄沟比和覆膜材料对块茎产量、土壤贮水量和水分利用效率的影响进行了研究。压实土垄沟的平均径流效率(24.6%~28.8%)明显低于覆膜垄沟(91.1%~94.3%)。产生径流所需的最小降雨量SR为2.76~2.78 mm，而MR仅为0.23~0.47 mm。以马铃薯为指示作物的田间试验表明，MR系统的块茎产量显著高于平作(对照)，两年平均增产158.6~175.0%。在SR系统中，两年间的平均增长率为14.9-28.4%。块茎产量与垄宽的回归分析表明，MR的最佳垄沟比在2002年为39：60 cm，2003年为48：60 cm。转基因马铃薯的水分利用效率在2002年是对照的1.50倍，是2003年的1.62倍。平均2年，缓解组和对照组的WUE无明显差异。由于两种垄面覆盖材料的径流效率不同，而对照无径流发生，旱作旱作的土壤含水率高于旱作，两者均大于对照。随着土壤结皮的发育，沟底、沟边、垄顶土壤水分的分布规律与旱作相似。
A field study was conducted to determine runoff efficiency and the effects of different ridge: furrow ratios and ridge-covering materials on tuber yield, soil moisture storage and water use efficiency (WUE) in the ridge and furrow micro-water harvesting system in a dry semi-arid region of China, during two consecutive years of 2002 and 2003. The average runoff efficiency of ridges with compacted soil (SR) was very low (24.6–28.8%) compared to that of ridges covered with plastic film (MR) (91.1–94.3%). The minimal rainfall necessary to produce runoff was 2.76–2.78 mm for SR, only 0.23–0.47 mm for MR. The field experiments using potato as an indicator crop showed that tuber yields in the MR system were significantly higher than that in the flat planting (control), with an average increase of 158.6–175.0% during 2 years. In the SR system, the average increase was valued of 14.9–28.4% during 2 years. Regression analysis between tuber yields and ridge widths indicated the optimum ridge: furrow ratio for MR was 39: 60 cm in 2002 and 48: 60 cm in 2003 respectively. The WUE values of potato in MR were 1.50 times greater than that of the controls in 2002 and 1.62 times greater than the controls in 2003. No differences were found in the WUE between the SR and the controls on average of 2 years. Due to the different runoff efficiency between two ridge-covering materials and absence of runoff occurrence in the controls, the soil water content in the MR was higher than that in the SR, both of which were greater than the controls. With the soil crust development, the distribution of soil water at the bottom of the furrow, at the side of the furrow and at the top of the ridge, is similar between the SR and the MR.